Anabolic Steroid, HGH, IGF, Insulin and Ancillary Profiles

Testosterone Propionate

Testosterone propionate, after Testosterone cypionate and enanthate, is the third injectable testosterone ester that needs to be described in detail. This makes sense because, unlike cypionate and enanthate, both of which are widely used and well-spread in Europe, proprionate is little noticed by most athletes.

The reader will now certainly pose the question of why the characteristics of an apparently rarely used substance are described in detail. At a first glance this might seem a little unusual but when looking at this substance more closely, there are several reasons that become clear. Testosterone propionate is used on so few occasions in weightlifting, powerlifting, and bodybuild-ing not because it is ineffective. On the contrary, most do not know about propionate and its application potential. One acts according to the mottos "what you don't know won't hurt you" and "If oth-ers don't use, it can't be any good." We do not want to go this far and call propionate the most effective testosterone ester-, however, in certain applications it is superior to enanthate, cypionate, and also undecanoate because it has characteristics which the common test-osterones do not have.

The main difference between propionate, cypionate, and enanthate is the respective duration of effect. In contrast to the long-acting enanthate and cypionate depot steroids, propionate has a distinctly lower duration of effect. The reader learns how long this time is from the package insert of the German Jenapharm GmbH for their compound "Testosteron Jenapharm" (see list with trade 'names): "Testosterone proprionate has a duration of effect of I to 2 days." An eye-catching difference, however, is that the athlete "draws" distinctly less water with propionate and visibly lower water retention occurs. Since propionate is quickly effective, often after only one or two days, the athlete experiences an increase of his training energy, a better pump, an increased appe-tite, and a slight strength gain. As an initial dose most athletes pre-fer a 50-100 mg injection. This offers two options: First, because of the rapid initial effect of the propionate-ester one can initiate a sev-eral-week-long steroid treatment with Testosterone enanthate. Those who cannot wait until the depot steroids become effective inject 250 mg of Testosterone enanthate and 50 mg of Testosterone propionate at the beginning of the treatment. After two days, when the effect of the propionates decreases, another 50 mg ampule is injected. Two days after that, the elevated testosterone level caused by the propi-onate begins to decrease. By that time, the effect of the enanthates in the body would be present; no further propionate injections would be necessary. Thus the athlete rapidly reaches and maintains a high testosterone level for a long time due to the depot testo. This, for example, is important for athletes who with Anadrol 50 over the six-week treatment have gained several pounds and would now like to switch to testosterone. Since Anadrol 50 begins its "breakdown" shortly after use of the compound is discontinued, a fast and el-evated testosterone level is desirable.

The second option is to take propionate during the entire period of intake. This, however, requires a periodic injection every second day. Best results can be obtained with 50-100 mg per day or every sec-ond day. The athlete, as already mentioned, will experience visibly lower water retention than with the depot testosterones so that propionate is well-liked by bodybuilders who easily draw water with enanthate. A good stack for gaining muscle mass would be, for example, 100 mg Testosterone propionate every 2 days, 5p mg Winstrol Depot every 2 days, and 30 mg Dianabol/day. Propionate is mainly used in the preparation for a competition and used by female athletes. And in this phase, dieting is often combined with, testosterone to maintain muscle mass and muscle density at their maximum. Propionate has always proven effective in this regard since it fulfills these requirements while lowering possible water re-tention. This water retention can be tempered by using Nolvadex and Proviron. A combination of 100 mg Testosterone propionate every 2 days, either 50 mg Winstrol Depot/day or 76 mg Parabolan every 2 days, and 25 mg Oxandrolone/day help achieve this goal and are suitable for building up "quality muscles."

Women especially like propionate since, when applied properly, an-drogenic-caused side effects can be avoided more easily The trick is to increase the time intervals between the various injections so that the testosterone level can fall again and so there is an accumulation of androgens in the female organism. Women therefore take propi-onate only every 5-7 days and obtain remarkable results with it. The, androgenic effect included in the propionate allows better re-generation without virilization symptoms for hard-training women. The dosage is usually 25-50 mg/injection. Higher dosages and more frequent intervals of intake would certainly show even better re-sults but are not recommended for women. The duration of intake should not exceed 8-10 weeks and can be supplemented by taking mild and mostly anabolic steroids such as, for example, Primobolan, Durabolin, and Anadur in order to promote the synthesis of pro-tein. Men who do not fear the intake of testosterone or the possible side effects should go ahead and give propionate a try. The side ef-fects of propionate are usually less frequent and are less pronounced. The reason is that the weekly dose of propionate is usually much lower than with depot testosterones. A daily injection of 50 mg amounts to a weekly dose of 350 mg while several depot injections easily launch the milligram content of testosterone into the four-figure range. When compared with enanthate and cypionate, pro-pionate is also a "milder" substance and thus better tolerated in the body. Those who are convinced that they need daily testosterone injections should consider taking propionate. The key to suc-cess with propionate lies in the regular intake of relatively small quantities (50-100 mg every 1-2 days.)

Although the side effects of propionate are similar to the ones of enanthate and cypionate these, as already mentioned, occur less fre-quently. However, if there is a predisposition and very high dosages are taken, the known androgenic-linked side effects such as acne vulgaris, accelerated hair loss, and increased growth of body hair and deep voice can occur. An increased libido is common both in men and women with the use of propionate. Despite the high conversion rate of propionate into estrogen gynecomastia is less common than with other testosterones. The same is true for possible water reten-tion since the retention of electrolytes and water is less pronounced. The administration of testosterone-stimulating compounds such as HCG and Clomid can, however, also be advised with propionate use since it has a strong influence on the hypothalamohypophysial tes-ticular axis, suppressing the endogenous hormone production. The toxic influence on the liver is minimal so that a liver damage is unlikely (see also Testosterone enanthate). What athletes dislike most about propionate are the frequent injections that are necessary.

Doses: 100mg ED or EOD
Side effects: medium
Stack: Great for cut up cycle with Winstrol, EQ, Trenbolone

SUSTANON - Testosterone blend

Substance: Testosterone propionate 30 mg, Testosterone phenylpropionate 60mg, Testosterone isocaporate 60 mg, Testosterone decanoate 100 mg

Sustanon is a very popular steroid which is highly appreciated by its users since it offers several advantages when compared to other testosteron compounds. Sustanon is a mixture of four different testosterones which, based on the well-timed composition, have a synergetic effect. This special feature has two positive characteristics for the athlete. First, based on the special combination effect of the compounds, Sustanon, milligram for milligram, has a better effect than Testosterone enanthate, cypionate, and propionate alone. Second, the effect of the four testosterones is time-released so that Sustanon goes rapidly into the sytem and remains effective in the body for several weeks. Due to the propionate also included in the steroid, Sustanon is effective after one day and, based on the mixed in decanoates, remains active for 3-4 weeks. Sustanon has a distinct androgenic effect which is coupled with a strong anabolic effect. Therefore it is well suited to build up strength and mass. A rapid increase in body strength and an even increase in body weight occur. Athletes who use Sustanon report a solid muscle growth since it results in less water retention and also aromatizes less than either testosterone enanthate or cypionate. Indeed many bodybuilders who use testosterone and fight against distinct water retention and an elevated estrogen level prefer Sustanon over other long-acting depot testosterones.

It is further noticed that Sustanon is also effective when relatively low doses are given to well advanced athletes. It is interesting to note that when Sustanon is given to athletes who have already used this compound in the same or lower doses, it leads to similar good results as during the previous intake. Sustanon is usually injected at least once a week., which can be stretched up to 10 days. The dosage in bodybuilding and powerlifting ranges from 250 mg every 14 days up to 1000 mg or more per day. Since such high dosages are not recommended and fortunately are also not taken in most cases the rule is 250-1000 mg/week. A dosage of 500 mg/week is completely sufficient for most, and can often be reduced to 250 mg/week by combining with an oral steroid. Sustanon is well tolerated as a basic steroid during treatment which stimulates the regeneration, gives the athlete a sufficient "kick" for intense training units, and next to the already mentioned advantage rapid strength increase and solid muscle gain distinguishes itself also by its compatibility. In order to gain mass fast Sustanon is often combined with Deca Durabolin, Dianabol (D-bol) or Anadrol while athletes who are more into quality prefer combining it with Parabolan, Winstrol,Anavar or Primobolan Depot.

Although Sustanon does not aromatize excessively when taken in a reasonable dosage many people, in addition, also take an antiestrogen such as Nolvadex and/or Proviron to prevent possible estrogen-linked side effects. Since Sustanon suppresses the endogenous testosterone production the intake of HCG and Clomid must be considered after six weeks or at the end of treatment. It is recommended that women not take depot testosterones since the androgen level would strongly increase and virilizalion syniploins could result. Despile this, it is not uncommon for female competing athletes in the higher weight classes to take testosterone since it helps in remaining "competitive." Women who use "Testo" or who would like to try it should limit its use to either only testosterone propionate or inject a maximum of 250 mg Sustanon every 10-14 days over a period of no longer than six weeks. At this point we would like to emphasize once more that steroid novices should stay away from all testosterone compounds since, at this time, they simply do not need them.

The side effects of Sustanon are similar to those of Testosterone enanthate (see also Testosterone enanthate) only that they are usually less frequent and less severe. Depending on the predisposition and dosage, the user can experience the usual androgenic-liked side effects such as acne, aggressiveness, sexual overstimulation, oily skin, accelerated hair loss, and reduced production of the body's own hormones. Water retention and gynecomastia are usually within limits with the "Sustas" or are not as massive as with enanthate and cypionate. Liver damage is unlikely with Sustanon however, in very high dosages, elevated liver values can occur which, after discontinuing use of the compound, usually go back to normal.

Understanding Sustanon 250

Sustanon 250 is a combination of testosterone propionate, testosterone phenylpropionate, testosterone isocaproate and testosterone decanoate. One of the most common myths about Sustanon 250 is that the combination of testosterone esters wields a pronounced, synergistic effect and thus has been highly sought after. Being that testosterone esters work in the same manner, largely by increasing protein synthesis, stimulating androgen receptors and suppressing cortisol levels, a synergistic effect between different testosterone esters is a myth with no basis. However the blend of “fast” and “slow” acting testosterones can be of benefit an athlete looking for an immediate response followed by a steady testosterone release. Testosterone propionate and testosterone phenylpropionate have been shown to produce notable testosterone elevations within hours of injection however peak blood testosterone levels plummet sharply after the second day. Testosterone isocaproate and testosterone decanoate function limitedly for approximately 3 and 4 weeks after their peak, starting the 3rd and ending the 7th day.

Milligram for milligram one would need to take at least one milliliter of Sustanon 250 every 2-3 days to compare to the long term gains of the same dosage of longer lasting testosterone esters like ICN and test. cypionate.

Keep in mind that esterification of testosterone merely slows its release into the blood stream. In other words there is no difference in the level of aromitization (estrogen conversion) or quality mass and strength gain between the many different testosterone esters. The characteristics of some common esters are as follows:

Testosterone Propionate:
Very fast acting, peak levels of this ester can be noted in the first 24 hours. However blood testosterone levels can diminish by 2/3 on the third day after injection. There is also a bit of discomfort associated with testosterone propionate; this is due to an allergic reaction to the propionate ester.

Sustanon 250:
Quick acting but unless taken every 2 or 3 days the testosterone propionate and testosterone phenylpropionate cannot be considered into the gross testosterone dosage as the fast acting esters will have severely diminished by the third and fourth day.

Testosterone Enanthate:
Peak levels of this ester are almost identical to testosterone cypionate. Identical to the point that any difference noticed between the two would be purely psychological.

Testosterone Cypionate:
Peak levels of blood testosterone are not noted until approximately the 3rd day and begin to decline rapidly by the 5th day. Testosterone cypionate can remain active, to a degree, for as long as 4 weeks.

There are many other esterfied forms of testosterone currently available on the black market most of which are long lasting esters.

Side effects:
The side effects associated with esterfied forms of testosterone are the same with all testosterone compounds because (as previously stated) a specific esterification dictates the speed that the testosterone will be released into the blood stream but the active compound is testosterone in each case.

Doses: 500 mg - 1000 mg a week
Side effects: Medium
Strength & Mass gains: Good
Stack: Good for mass in combination with Deca, EQ, Fina, A-bomb

DECA DURABOLIN - Nandrolone Decanoate

This is an injectable steroid that is a derivative of 19-nortestosterone. It is a favorite to thousands of steroid users. Deca is a low androgenic steroid, with high anabolic properties. It is excellent for developing size and strength. It does not have very little liver toxicity nor does it disturb the body’s own hormone functions excessively. Deca will aromatize in high dosages, but not at the rate of testosterone’s or other high androgenic compounds. This drug can be used for cutting or for bulking. Athletes have stacked it with virtually every drug and come out with positive results. It is a good base drug on any cycle. Deca can be used by almost all athletes and give positive results while presenting very few side effects. Women use this drug but only in very low dosages; 50 mg per week. Deca has been established as a great soother of sore joints and tendons. Athletes report that sore shoulders, knees, and/or elbows are somehow without pain on the Deca cycle. This may be substantiated by proving it reduces the amount of cortisol getting into muscle tissue during the cycle. Deca also dramatically improves nitrogen retention and recuperation time between workouts. Deca also dramatically improves nitrogen retention and recuperation time between workouts. Deca has shown up positive on more steroid tests than any other steroid. This is due to the fact that so many athletes use it, and that it stays in the system at a detectable level for up to a year. The drug itself is effective for about two weeks. Average dosages of this drug are from 200 - 400 mg per week for men. Deca used to be the most available drug on the black market, but it is fading fast. It is still available legitimately under the LyphoMed name, as well as Organon, Ruby and Steris, to name the most common labels.

Deca can come in many different strengths: 25, 50, 100, and 200 mgs/cc varieties., no oral versions of Deca produced. Deca-Durabolin is probably the all time most popular steroid (except for maybe Dianabol if you could actually find some). Deca produces very few side effects. It is easy on the liver and promotes good size and strength gains while reducing body fat.

Deca-Durabolin is highly anabolic and only moderately androgenic. It works by promoting a positve nitrogen balance in the body which causes the muscles to be able to use more protein, more efficiently than normal. It does this by causing the muscle cells to store more nitrogen than they are releasing. With this positive nitrogen balance, the muscle cells will be able to use more protein than they usually can. If you don't eat and sleep enough though, the magic will not happen.

It takes three days after injection to dissipate from the site and stays active in the body for about 17 days. Gains will go away very slowly after the cycling period if workouts are kept intense. Deca is the worst steroid that you can take if you run the chance of being drug tested. People have been known to test positive up to 1 1/2 years after the last shot. This is a very long time. Keep this in mind if you are in the NCAA or some other organization where you run the risk of being tested.

Side Effects
Deca-Durabolin is a relatively safe steroid. Typically, you can expect a little minor acne, higher blood pressure which causes a longer time period for blood to clot, headaches, and increased libido. Any of the following are also possible though: nausea, leukopenia, symptoms resembling a peptic ulcer, acne, edema (water retention), excitation (commonly referred to as roid rage), sleeplessness, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, hypertension, prolonged blood clotting time, increase in libido. Females had reported: menstrul irregularities, post-menopausal bleeding, swelling of the breasts, hoarseness or deepening of the voice, enlargement of the clitoris, and water retention. Men had reported: cases of impotence, chronic priapism, epididymitis, inhibition of testicular function, oligospermia, and bladder irritability.

Doses:400 mg - 600 mg a week
Side effects: None or minimum
Strength & Mass gains: Medium but solid
Stack: Great for mass in combination with any test, D-bols, A-bombs

DECA DURABOLIN - Nandrolone Decanoate

This is an injectable steroid that is a derivative of 19-nortestosterone. It is a favorite to thousands of steroid users. Deca is a low androgenic steroid, with high anabolic properties. It is excellent for developing size and strength. It does not have very little liver toxicity nor does it disturb the body’s own hormone functions excessively. Deca will aromatize in high dosages, but not at the rate of testosterone’s or other high androgenic compounds. This drug can be used for cutting or for bulking. Athletes have stacked it with virtually every drug and come out with positive results. It is a good base drug on any cycle. Deca can be used by almost all athletes and give positive results while presenting very few side effects. Women use this drug but only in very low dosages; 50 mg per week. Deca has been established as a great soother of sore joints and tendons. Athletes report that sore shoulders, knees, and/or elbows are somehow without pain on the Deca cycle. This may be substantiated by proving it reduces the amount of cortisol getting into muscle tissue during the cycle. Deca also dramatically improves nitrogen retention and recuperation time between workouts. Deca also dramatically improves nitrogen retention and recuperation time between workouts. Deca has shown up positive on more steroid tests than any other steroid. This is due to the fact that so many athletes use it, and that it stays in the system at a detectable level for up to a year. The drug itself is effective for about two weeks. Average dosages of this drug are from 200 - 400 mg per week for men. Deca used to be the most available drug on the black market, but it is fading fast. It is still available legitimately under the LyphoMed name, as well as Organon, Ruby and Steris, to name the most common labels.

Deca can come in many different strengths: 25, 50, 100, and 200 mgs/cc varieties., no oral versions of Deca produced. Deca-Durabolin is probably the all time most popular steroid (except for maybe Dianabol if you could actually find some). Deca produces very few side effects. It is easy on the liver and promotes good size and strength gains while reducing body fat.

Deca-Durabolin is highly anabolic and only moderately androgenic. It works by promoting a positve nitrogen balance in the body which causes the muscles to be able to use more protein, more efficiently than normal. It does this by causing the muscle cells to store more nitrogen than they are releasing. With this positive nitrogen balance, the muscle cells will be able to use more protein than they usually can. If you don't eat and sleep enough though, the magic will not happen.

It takes three days after injection to dissipate from the site and stays active in the body for about 17 days. Gains will go away very slowly after the cycling period if workouts are kept intense. Deca is the worst steroid that you can take if you run the chance of being drug tested. People have been known to test positive up to 1 1/2 years after the last shot. This is a very long time. Keep this in mind if you are in the NCAA or some other organization where you run the risk of being tested.

Side Effects
Deca-Durabolin is a relatively safe steroid. Typically, you can expect a little minor acne, higher blood pressure which causes a longer time period for blood to clot, headaches, and increased libido. Any of the following are also possible though: nausea, leukopenia, symptoms resembling a peptic ulcer, acne, edema (water retention), excitation (commonly referred to as roid rage), sleeplessness, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, hypertension, prolonged blood clotting time, increase in libido. Females had reported: menstrul irregularities, post-menopausal bleeding, swelling of the breasts, hoarseness or deepening of the voice, enlargement of the clitoris, and water retention. Men had reported: cases of impotence, chronic priapism, epididymitis, inhibition of testicular function, oligospermia, and bladder irritability.

Doses:400 mg - 600 mg a week
Side effects: None or minimum
Strength & Mass gains: Medium but solid
Stack: Great for mass in combination with any test, D-bols, A-bombs

EQUPOISE - Boldenone Undecylenate

Is a very popular steroid and is only available legally at a veterinarian clinic. Boldenone is a highly anabolic, moderately androgenic steroid. For this very reason, it is typically taken in a stack with other steroids like testosterone if you are on a mass cycle or perhaps with winstrol if you are on a cutting cycle. The main benefit of taking equipoise is that it increases protein synthesis in the muscle cells. This effect is very similar to what you would experience while taking anavar. Boldenone gives you slower but much more high quality gains in muscle as opposed to the normal "quick" muscle gains that you would expect from a testosterone. This is not a steroid to take on its own and expect 20 lbs. in 6 weeks. It is just not going to happen. You can expect around 3 weeks before you start seeing results and they are not going to be staggering, but will be "more permanent" than any gains you would get from any of the multiple testosterones that are available. This steroid stays active in the system longer than most of the testosterones as well. This makes equipoise a poor choice if you run the possibility of being drug tested.

Boldenone is very common in the precontest arena for two main reasons. First off, there is a low amount of aromitization and secondly there is very little water retention while taking equipoise. This makes equipoise a good precontest steroid. Boldenone is well known to give a good increase in the pumps you get while working out. This is caused from the increase in red blood cells that you will experience while taking this steroid. It is also well known to help cause a dramatic increase in appetite. When taken with a good mass building steroid like dianabol, this is a sure formula for successful gains in muscle mass.

Doses: 200 - 500 mg/ week
Side effects: none
Strength & Mass gains: Solid
Stack: Great for mass in combination with Susta, ICN
Cutting: Good in combination with Primobolan depot or Winstrol

WINSTROL DEPOT - Stanozolol

Winstrol Depot, however, is not only especially suited during preparation for a competition but also in a gaining phase. Since it does not cause water retention rapid weight gains with Winstrol Depot are very rare. However a solid muscle gain and an overproportionally strong strength increase occur, usually remaining after use of the compound is discontinued. Bodybuilders who want to build up strength and mass often combine Winstrol Depot with Dianabol, Anadrol 50, Testosterone, or Deca-Durabolin. With a stack of 100 mg Anadrol 50/day, 50 mg Winstrol Depot/day, and 400 mg Deca-Durabolin/week the user slowly gets into the dosage range of ambitious competing athletes. Older athletes and steroid novices can achieve good progress with either Winstrol Depot/Deca-Durabolin or Winstrol Depot/Primobolan Depot. They use quite a harmless stack which normally does not lead to noticeable side effects. This leaves steroid novices with enough room for the "harder" stuff which they do not yet need in this phase Winstrol Depot is mainly an anabolic steroid with a moderale, androgenic effect which, however
can especially manifest itself in women dosing 50 mg/week and in men dosing higher quantities. Problems in female athletes usually occur when a quantity of 50 mg is injected twice weekly. The effect of Winstrol Depot decreases considerably after a few days and thus an injection at least twice weekly isjustitied. However, an undesired accumulation af androgens in the female urganism can occur, resulting in masculinization symptoms. Some deep female voices certainly originated with the intake of Winstrol Depot. However, a dose of 50 mg Winstrol Depot every second day in ambitious female athletes is the rule rather than the exception. Other non-androgenic side effects can occur in men as well as in women, manifesting themselves in headaches, cramps, changes in the HDL and LDL values, and in rare cases, in high blood pressure. Possible liver damage can be estimated as very low when Winstrol is injected; however in large doses an elevation in the liver values is possible. Since Winstrol Depot is dissolved in water the injections are usually more uncomfortable or more painful than is the case with oily solutions.

Although there are many fakes of the injectable Winstrol, the original "Winny" as it is lovingly called by its users, is easily recognized based on its unusual form of administration. At a first glance the content of the ampule is only a milky, white, watery solution which, however has distinet characteristics. Original "Winny" is recognized because the substance separates from the watery injection fluid when the ampule is not shaken for some time. When the ampule is left flat in its ampule box or, for example, stands upright on a table, the substance accumulates as a distinctly visible white layer on the lower side of the glass and can only be mixed with the watery fluid if shaken several times or rolled forward and backward. An ampule containing 1 ml of suspension and its 50 mg dissolved stanozolol should normally separate a white layer in the size of almost a thumbnail. The athlete thus can easily determine whether his injectable Winstrol is actually stanozolol or is rather underdosed. Do not buy ampules or glass vials which contain more than 1 ml of suspension since an original injectable Winstrol is only available in one-milliliter glass ampules. The original Spanish ampules by Zambon have an unusually large round shape and a brown imprint. In the meantime there are several well-made fakes. The Italian ampules by Zambon can also be easily recognized since this is a small push-through ampule which has a large round shape and comes with a blue imprint. The imprint on the Italian and Spanish Winnies can be felt well with your fingernail. Faked stanozolol usually comes in commercial, narrow ampules.

When injected daily Winstrol Depot can become a very expensive compound. It also has the disadvantage that, because of the frequent injections, the already-mentioned scar tissue will develop in the gluteal region (buttocks) which leads many athletes to inject Winstrol in their shoulders, arms, legs or even calms.
Although this was originally intended as an expedient, injecting Winstrol Depot into certain muscles has become increasingly popular since athletes have noticed that this leads to an accelerated growth of the affected muscle. An American pro bodybuilder who is known for his cross-striated, horseshoe-shaped triceps owes this in considerable part to his regular "triceps Winstrol-Depot injections." A confusion with the also often used Esiclene is excluded. Athletes who want to avoid daily injections usually take 2-3ml Winstrol Depot twice a week. In the U.S. injectable stanozolol is manufactured only for veterinary medicine. It is distributed under the name Winstrol V by Winthrop and Upjohn Companies Unfortunately there are several fakes of Winstrol Depot. In the meantime, the chances of finding the Spanish or Italian Winslrol in the U.S. are quite high.

Doses: 200 - 400 mg/ week
Side effects: none
Strength & Mass gains: Solid and just pure mass
Cutting: Good in combination with Primobolan depot or Propio, Tren. EQ

TRENBOLONE ACETATE

While Finaject itself is no longer available, in some cases injectable preparations from Finaplix have been made. The substance is the same: trenbolone acetate.

Trenbolone is a steroid having the advantages of undergoing no adverse metabolism, not being affected by aromatase or 5alpha-reductase; of being very potent Class I steroid binding well to the androgen receptor; and having a short half life, probably no more than a day or two though I don't believe this has been measured. Fifty milligrams per day is a good dosing for someone on his first cycle or someone who is as yet less than, say, 20 pounds over his natural limit; while 100 mg/day may be preferred by the more advanced user who has already gained more than this. These doses are assuming that trenbolone is the only Class I steroid being use. There really is no need to stack another -- testosterone being the only sensible exception -- but if another is stacked then the amount of trenbolone may be reduced accordingly.

There is no evidence in the literature, nor I think practical evidence, that trenbolone acetate has a "special role" in burning fat. Rather, it is an extraordinarily potent AAS, being about three times as effective per milligram as testosterone esters. This seems to apply only to Class I activity, however. To obtain good anabolism from non-AR-mediated mechanisms, a Class II steroid such as Dianabol or Anadrol should be stacked.

There used to be a myth that trenbolone was "hard on the kidneys." I have found no indication in the scientific literature of particular kidney toxicity with trenbolone. I know a number of users, at doses of 50-100 mg/day, who have experienced no problems. It seems to me that the claims that have been made were from athletes stacking an incredible amount of drugs, and how the blame could have fairly been laid at trenbolone (actually at Parabolan, not trenbolone acetate) is not clear.

It is also not clear that trenbolone results in any greater degree of increased aggression for a given amount of anabolic effect than testosterone itself does, despite another myth to that effect. The increase in aggressive tendency -- which does not mean the act of aggression -- is moderate and entirely controllable, if noticeable at all.

Trenbolone is a steroid having the advantages of undergoing no adverse metabolism, not being affected by aromatase or 5alpha-reductase; of being very potent Class I steroid binding well to the androgen receptor; and having a short half life, probably no more than a day or two. Fifty milligrams per day is a good dosing for someone on his first cycle or someone who is as yet less than, say, 20 pounds over his natural limit; while 100 mg/day may be preferred by the more advanced user who has already gained more than this. These doses are assuming that trenbolone is the only Class I steroid being use. There really is no need to stack another -- testosterone being the only sensible exception -- but if another is stacked then the amount of trenbolone may be reduced accordingly.

Since Finaject is the acetate form of trenbolone, its effect lasts only a short time and frequent administration is necessary. Most athletes inject I ml (30 mg) every second day. Higher dosages such as, for example, 30 mg/day or 60 mg every two days, however, were not unusual since an enormous strength gain and also a strong but still high-quality muscle gain was obtained.

Finaject does not aromatize since its substance is not changed into estrogens. In combination with Winstrol it has a dramatic effect on the body's appearance. To achieve a gigantic strength gain bodybuilders used to combine 30 mg Finaject every 1-2 days and 50 mg Winstrol Depot every 1-2 days (also known as Strombaject) during preparation for a competition and the buildup phase. No other combination gives the athlete such an incredible hardness and such a defined muscle gain. The possible physical change obtainable in only a few weeks is enormous enough to shock some non-involved observers. Believe us, competing bodybuilders love this combination especially.

Finaject was also part of probably the most effective stack for mass buildup. Together with Dianabol or Anadrol 50, and testosterone, "Fina" builds up strength and mass in record time. Another way of administration which is far less dangerous, can be prepared as follows: the ground pellets are mixed with a mixture of 50% water and 50% DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide). Then the mixture is put on the skin and allowed to soak in. Dimethyl sulfoxide is used to transport the substance trenbolone through the skin. Using this method approximately 40 mg of the substance can get into the blood without much harm.

Doses: 50 - 100 mg/ED or EOD
Side effects: Medium
Strength & Mass gains: Solid
Stack: Great for pure mass in combination with any test
Cutting: Good in combination with Primobolan depot or Winstrol

DIANABOL - Methandrostenolone

Dianabol, Ciba's old brand name for 5mg Methandrostenolone tablets, has always been one of the most popular anabolic steroids available. Dianabol's popularity stems from it's almost immediate and very strong anabolic effects. 4-5 tablets a day is enough to give almost anybody dramatic results. Along with strong anabolic effects comes the usual androgen side effects. Dianabol converts to estrogen, so gyno and water retention may be a problem although are usually dose related Aggression may be increased, and users often report an overall sense of well being. The fact that Dianabol has been off the U.S. market for almost 10 years has not at all stopped its use and remains the most popularly used black market oral steroid in the U.S.. The most popular versions in the U.S. are the Russian tablets coming into the East Coast, Pronabol from India and Reforvit from Mexico. The Russian Dianabol, which is vastly and accurately counterfeited, has been losing it's reputation as a safe buy. Users generally won't know if what they have is real until they use it, making for many angry users. Reforvit is an injectable D, containing 25mg/ml of the substance. A 50 ml bottle contains the equivalent of 250 tablets and sells for a reasonable price. Most users opt to take this orally as it is just as effective as tablets. The pink Thai tablets are also popular and should be the only tablets purchased without paperwork or box. These ship in quantities of 500 and 1000 only, so they are almost always broken up and sold. Methandon is also available in Thailand, but much less popular than the Anabol tabs.

Methandrostenolone was a very popular drug in the 70´s, and still is. It is a 17 alpha-alkyl based steroid which produces dramatic strength and size gains. This is also a very toxic drug.

Dianabol is an orally applicable steroid with a great effect on the protein metabolism. It promotes the protein synthesis, thus it supports the buildup of protein. This gives the athlete a positive nitrogen balance and an improved well-being. The calcium uptake is also increased, thus promoting calcium deposits in the bones. Dianabol was introduced on the market in 1960, and within a short period of time, became the most favoured, and most used anabolic. Dianabol has a very strong anabolic and androgenic effect, which manifests itself in an enormous buildup of strength and muscle mass in its users. It's analysis of a 'mass' steroid, is thus, justified. The compound works quickly and reliably, with gains of 2-4 pounds per week in the first six weeks widely reported. The additional bodyweight consists of a true increase in muscle tissue, and in particular, a noticeable retention of fluids. Dianabol aromatizes easily, so that the simultaneous administration of an anti-estrogen, such as Nolvadex or Proviron, is wise. For this reason, it is rarely used as a competition steroid. The dosage spectrum is very wide, with athletes taking between two, and twenty tablets a day. However, what is worth noting is the statement that Ciba-Geigy made on their products container; "There seems to be NO direct correlation between the increase of body weight and the amount of the dosage." Also, another statement by 'Hormonelle Regulation', confirms this, by saying; "A simple correlation between the administered dosage and the amount of concentration in the blood could not be found either."

Accordingly, an effective daily dose for athletes is around 15-40mg/day (ie.3-8tabs). Steroid novices do not need more than 15-20mg per day since this dose is sufficient to acheive exceptional results over a period of 8-10 weeks. When the effect begins to slow down (mostly due to the steroid receptors being saturated at this time, subsequently cannot hold any more of the compound), and the athlete wants to continue, the dosage should NOT be increased, but an injectable such as Deca-Durabolin or Primabolan-Depot 200mg / week should be used in conjunction until the athlete slowly tapers off the Dianabol. Dan Duchane was once quoted by saying; "If you can't grow on Deca and D-bol, then you're not going to grow anything, no matter how fancy it is."

Since Dianabol's half time life is only 3.2-4.5 hours, application at least twice a day is necessary to acheive a somewhat even concentration of the substance in the blood. On days of intense training, the half time life is reduced even further, so the application of three times per day appears sensible. Since Dianabol is also 17-alpha alkylated, and thus largely protected against a loss in effect, it is recommended that the tablets be taken during meals so that possible gastrointestinal pains can be avoided. Interestingly, on the third day after discontinuing Dianabol, proof of the substance in the blood is negative. This is how athletes avoid positive drug tests. The maximum substance concentration of Dianabol reaches the blood after 1-3 hours. A simple application of only 10mg results in a 5-fold increase in the average testosterone concentration in the male. Why Dianabol works so well in ALL athletes, is the the endogenous cotisone production is reduced by 50-70%. Thus, Dianabol considerably reduces the rate at which protein is broken down in the muscle cell. Although Dianabol has many potential side effects, they are rare with a dosage of up to 20mg/day. Since Dianabol is 17-alpha alkylated, it causes a considerable strain on the liver. In high dosages, and over a longer period of time, dianabol is liver toxic. Even a dosage of 10mg/day can increase the liver values, however, after discontinuation, the values return to normal.

Dianabol is still one of the most effective strength and size building oral steroid. It causes considerable water retention and aromatizes quite a bit so you`ll see quite a bit of dosage jumps while using it. Available over the counter in Mexico with no prescription needed. People get good results with Dianabol. Dianabol is now available under its generic name of Methandrostenelone and is being produced domestically by Rubu Labs. Originally, Dianabol came in 50 mgs tablets. It was developed in the mid-forties and experimentally used on returning prisoners of war that had been on very low food intakes. Actual dosages of the generally available 5 mg (it also comes in 2,5 mgs tablets) many doctors prescribe a 4 day with 8 to 10 the average for self-made expert and 100 is not unheard of in one day. The generic version may be the best price if Anadrol keeps rising in price. Not many women use it because it is high in androgens. Some people report sleeplessness with high dosages

Doses: 5-10 tablets a day (5 mg tablets)
Side effects: Medium
Strength & Mass gains: Good and quite solid!
Stack: Great for mass in combination with any test, D-bols, EQ

ANAVAR - Oxandrolone

Searle Company introduced the substance oxandrolone to the U.S. market in 1964 under the name Anavar and it enjoyed great popu-larity for over two decades until, on July 1, 1989, the produc-tion of Anavar was phased out. Today Anavar is manufactured under its various generic names in only a few countries (see above). The compound with the generic name Oxandrolone SPA by S.p.A. Milano Company (Società Prodotti Antibiotica) from Italy is the only original anabolic steroid available in Europe which contains the substance oxandrolone. There are 30 tablets in one box with two push-through strips of 15 tablets each.

Oxandrolone is a weak steroid with only a slight androgenic component. It has been shown that Oxandrolone, when taken in reasonable dos-ages, rarely has any side effects. This is appreciated since Oxandrolone was developed mostly for women and children. Oxandrolone is one of the few steroids which does not cause an early stunting of growth in children since it does not prematurely close the epiphysial growth plates. For this reason Oxandrolone is mostly used in children to stimulate growth and in women to prevent osteoporosis. Oxandrolone causes very light virilization symptoms, if at all. This characteristic makes Oxandrolone a fa-vored remedy for female athletes since, at a daily dose of 10-15 mg, masculinizing symptoms are observed only rarely.

Bodybuilders and powerlifters, in particular, like Oxandrolone for three reasons. First, Oxandrolone causes a strong strength gain by stimulating the phosphocreatine synthesis in the muscle cell without depositing liquid (water) in the joints and the muscles. Powerlifters and weightlifters who do not want to end up in a higher weight class take advantage of this since it allows them to get stronger without gaining body weight at the same time. The combination of Oxandrolone and 20 - 30 mg Holotestin daily has proven to be very effective since the muscles also look harder. Similarly good results can be achieved by a simultaneous intake of Oxandrolone and 120-140 mcg Clenbuterol per day. Although Oxandrolone itself does not cause a noticeable muscle growth it can clearly improve the muscle-developing effect of many ste-roids. Deca-Durabolin, Dianabol, and the various testosterone compounds, in particular, combine well with Oxandrolone to achieve a "mass buildup" because the strength gain caused by the intake of these highly tissue-developing and liquid-retaining sub-stances results in an additional muscle mass. A stack of 200 mg Deca-Durabolin/week, 500 mg Testosterone enanthate (e.g. Testoviron Depot 250)/week, and 25 mg Oxandrolone/day leads to a good gain in strength and mass in most athletes. Deca-Durabolin has a distinct anabolic effect and stimulates the syn-thesis of protein; Oxandrolone improves the strength by a higher phosphocreatine synthesis; and Testosterone enanthate increases the aggressiveness for the workout and accelerates regeneration.

The second reason why Oxandrolone is so popular is that this compound does not aromatize in any dosage. As already men-tioned, a certain part of the testosterone present in the body is converted into estrogen. This aromatization process, depending on the predisposition, can vary distinctly from one athlete to another. Oxandrolone is one of the few steroids which cannot aromatize to estrogen. This characteristic has various advantages for the athlete. With Oxandrolone the muscle system does not get the typical watery appearance as with many steroids, thus making it very interesting during the preparation for a competition. In this phase it is especially important to keep the estrogen level as low as possible since estrogen programs the body to store water even if the diet is calorie-reduced. In combination with a diet, Oxandrolone helps to make the muscles har~ and ripped. Although Oxandrolone itself does not break downfat, it plays an indirect role in this process because the substancr-often suppresses the athlete's appetite. Oxandrolone can also cause some bloating which in several athletes results in nausea and vomiting when the tablets are taken with meals. The package insert of the Italian Oxandrolone notes its effect on the activity of the gas-trointestinal tract. Some athletes thus report continued diarrhea. Although these symptoms are not very pleasant they still help the athlete break down fat and become harder. Those who work out for a competition or are interested in gaining quality muscles should combine Oxandrolone with steroids such as Winstrol, Parabolan, Masteron, Primobolan, and Testosterone propionate. A stack of 50 mg Winstrol every two days, 50 mg Testosterone propionate every two days, and 25 mg Oxandrolone every day has proven effective. Another advantage of Oxandrolone's non-aromatization is that athletes who suffer from high blood pres-sure or develop gynecomastia of the thymus glands when taking stronger androgenic steroids will not have these side effects with this compound. The. Oxandrolone/Deca-Durabolin stack is a wel-come alternative for this group of athletes or for athletes show-ing signs of poor health during mass buildup with testosterone, Dianabol, or Anadrol 50. Athletes over forty should predomi-nantly use Oxandrolone.

The third reason which speaks well for an intake of Oxandrolone is that even in a very high dosage this compound does not influ-ence the body's own testosterone production. To make this clear: Oxandrolone does not suppress the body's own hormone pro-duction. The reason is that it does not have a negative feedback mechanism on the hypothalamohypophysial testicular axis, meaning that during the intake of Oxandrolone, unlike during the intake of most anabolic steroids, the testes signal the hypo-thalamus not to reduce or to stop the release of GnRH (gonadot-ropin releasing hormone) and LHRH Luteinizing hormon releas-ing hormone). This special feature of Oxandrolone can be explained by the fact that the substance is not converted into estrogen Oxandrolone (Anavar), when given to normal men in high doses does not reduce the seminal volume or count, nor can it be converted (aromatized) into estrogen.

Oxandrolone combines very well with Andriol, since Andriol does not aromatize in a dosage of up to 240 mg daily and has only slight influence on the hormone production. The daily intake of 280 mg Andriol and 25 mg Oxandrolone re-sults in a good gain in strength and, in steroid novices, also in muscle mass without excessive water retention and without a significant influence on testosterone production. As for the dos-age of Oxandrolone, 8-12 tablets in men and 5-6 tablets in women seem to bring the best results. The rule of thumb to take 0.125 mg/pound of body weight daily has proven successful in clinical tests. The tablets are normally taken two to three times daily after meals thus assuring an optimal absorption of the substance. Those who get the already discussed gastrointestinal pain when taking Oxandrolone are better off taking the tablets one to two hours after a meal or switching to another compound.

Since Oxandrolone is only slightly toxic and usually shows few side effects it is used by several athletes over a prolonged period of time. However Oxandrolone should not be taken for several consecutive months, since, as with almost all oral steroids it is 1 7-alpha alky-lated and thus liver toxic. Oxandrolone is an all-purpose remedy which, depending on the athlete's goal, is very versatile. Women who react sensitively to the intake of anabolic steroids achieve good results when combining Oxandrolone/Primobolan Tabs and/or Clenbuterol, without suffering from the usual virilization symp-toms. Women, however, should not take more than 6 tablets daily. otherwise, androgenic-caused side effects such as acne, deep voice, clitorial hypertrophy or increased growth of body hair can occur.

PRIMOBOLAN DEPOT - Methenolone Enanthate

Primobolan Depot is an injectable steroid produced by Schering and sold in various parts of the world. It contains the steroid metenolone enanthate, which is a long acting anabolic with extremely low androgenic properties. The anabolic properties of this steroid also are mild. Primobolan is most commonly used during cutting cycles although some users do stack it with stronger drugs like testosterone and Dianabol for mass cycles. This drug is most commonly injected on a weekly basis and dosages range widely. At 100-200 mg weekly Primobolan should not interfere with natural testosterone levels and should not produce noticeable side effects. In Europe it is not uncommon for Primobolan to be used at such doses for long term therapy. Among athletes, steroid novices will respond to weekly doses of 200 mg but regular users often inject much higher doses looking for a stronger anabolic effect. Primobolan Depot comes in 1ml glass ampules containing 100mg of the drug in Europe and 50mg throughout areas of South America. In the U.S. the 50mg ampules from Mexico and 100mg ampules from Spain most commonly show up.

Primobolan Depot, although with a weaker effect than Deca-Durabolin, is a good basic steroid with a predominantly anabolic effect and, depending on the goal, can be effectively combined with almost any steroids. Those who would like to gain mass rapidly and do not have Deca available, can use Primo-Depot together with Sustanon 250 and Dianabol. Those who have more patience or are afraid of potential side effects will usually be very satisfied with a stack of Primobolan-Depot 200 mg/week and Deca-Durabolin 200-400 mg/week. We believe that the best combination is Primobolan Depot with Winstrol Depot. 200 - 400 mg/week is the normally used dosage of Primobolan Depot although there are enough athletes who inject a 100 mg ampule daily. Primobolan Depot, like the oral acetate form, is not converted into estrogen however, low water retention can occur, which is the reason why during preparalions for a competition the injections are usually preferred.

Side effects with Primobolan Depot are minimal and manifest themselves only rarely and in persons who are extremely sensitive. Due to the androgenic residual effect, side effects include light acne, deep voice or increased hair growth. Primobolan Depot has even less in fluence on the liver function than the oral form so that an increase of the liver's toxin values is extremely unlikely. The blood pressure, cholesterol level, HDL and LDL values, as with Primo tablets, usually remain unaffected. Primobolan Depot is generally the safest injectable steroid. Athletes whose liver values strongly increase when taking anabolic steroids but who still do not want to give up their use, under periodical supervision of these values, can go ahead and try a stack of Primobolan Depot, Deca-Durabolin, and Andriol. A well-known bodybuilder in Germany who had already won several national titles has admitted that his liver was damaged by his too frequent use of the 17-alpha alkylated steroids Dianabol, Anadrol 50 (at the time still Plenastril), and Oxandrolone. He was,however, able to bring his body back to national championship level by taking 200 mg Primobolan-Depot/week, 400 mg Deca- Durabolin/week, and 240 mg Andriol/day, without a negative effect on the liver values. Primobolan Depot, like the tablets, has only a very small influence on the hypothalamuhypophysiat testicular axis so that the body's own testosterone production is only reduced when very high dosages are taken over a prolonged period of time.

Doses: 300 mg a week minimum
Side effects: totally none
Cutting: Good
Stack: Great for cut up cycle with Winstrol, EQ, Fina

MASTERON - Drostanolone Propionate

Masteron is a steroid highly valued by competing bodybuilders. The great popularity of this injectable steroid in bodybuilder circles is due to the extraordinary characteristics of its included substance. Drostanolone propionate is a synthetic derivative of dihydrotestosterone.

This causes the Masteron not to aromatize in any dosage and thus, it cannot be converted into estrogens. Since Masteron is a predominantly androgenic steroid, the athlete can increase his androgen level without also risking an increase in his estrogen level. This results in a dramatically improved hardness and sharpness of the muscles. One must, however, make a distinction here since Masteron does not automatically improve the quality of muscles in everyone. A prerequisite is that the athlete's fat content must already be very low. In this case Masteron can then be the decisive factor between a smooth, flat muscle or a hard and ripped look. For this purpose Masteron is often only used during the last four weeks before a competition so that the muscles get the last "kick." Masteron is especially effective in combination with steroids such as Winstrol, Parabolan, Primobolan, Oxandrolone and also Testosterone propionate.

The usual dosage taken by athletes is around 100 mg three limes per week. Since the substance drostanolone propionate is quickly broken down in the body, frequent and regular injections are neces-sary. This fact makes Masteron a very interesting steroid when dop-ing tests must be passed by a negative urine analysis. Since the pro-pionate substance of drostanolone does not remain in the body very long in a sufficient, detectable amount, athletes inject the com-pound with great success up to two weeks before a test. However, since it also has anabolic characteristics and thus helps the buildup of a high-qualitative muscle system, the use of Masteron is not only limited to the preparation stage for a competition. Athletes who want to avoid water retention and who readily have a problem with an elevated estrogen level, likewise appreciate Masteron. Also in this case usually one ampule (100 mg) is injected every second day. In combination with Primobolan, Winstrol or Testosterone pro-pionate no enormous strength and weight gains can be obtained, only high-quality and long-lasting results. Although women do not use Masteron very often some national and international com-peting female athletes do take it before a championship. The dosages observed are normally 100 mg every 4-5 days.

Masteron is not hepatoxic so liver damage is quite unlikely. High blood pressure and gynecomastia are not a problem since neither water nor salt retention occurs and the estrogen level remains low. The main problem are acne and a possible accelerated hair loss since dihydrotestosterone is highly affinitive to the skin's androgen re-ceptors, in particular, to those on the scalp. Since Masteron, in most cases, is not administered in excessively high dosages and the in-take, at the same time, is limited to a few weeks, the compatibility for the athlete is usually very good.

NOLVADEX - Tamoxifen citrate

This remedy is somewhat different from others since it is not an anabolic/androgenic steroid. For male and female bodybuilders,however, it is a very useful and recommended compound which is confirmed by its widespread use and mostly positive results. Nolvadex belongs to the group of sex hormones and is a so-called antiestrogen. The normal application of Nolvadex is in the treatment of certain forms of breast cancer in female patients. With Nolvadex it is possible to reverse an existing growth process of deceased tissue and prevent further growth. The growth of certain tissues is stimulated by the body's own estrogen hormone. This is especially true for the breast glands in men and women since the body has a large number of estrogen receptors at these glands which can bond with the estrogens present in the blood. If the body's own estrogen level is unusually high an undesired growth of breast glands occurs. However, in healthy women and particularly in men this is not the case. Despite this, it is mostly male bodybuilders who use Nolvadex, and fewer women. At fiist sight this seems somewhat inconceivable but when taking a closer look, the reasons are clear. Bodybuilders who take Nolvadex also use anabolic steroids at the same time. Since most steroids aromatize more or less strongly, i.e. part of the substance is converted into estrogens, male bodybuilders can experience a significant elevation in the normally very low estrogen level. This can lead to feminization symptoms such as gynecomastia (growth of breast glands), increased fat deposits and higher water retention.

The antiestrogen Nolvadex works against this by blocking the estrogen receptors of the effected body tissue, thereby inhibiting a bonding of estrogens and receptor. It is, however, important to understand that Nolvadex does not prevent the aromatization but only acts as an estrogen antagonist. This means that it does not prevent testosterone and its synthetic derivatives (sleroids) from converting into estrogens but only fights with them in a sort of "competition''for the estrogen receptors. This characteristic has the disadvantage that after the discontinuance of Nolvadex a "rebound effect" can occur which means that the suddendly freed estrogen receptors are now able to absorb the estrogen present in the blood. For this reason the combined intake of Proviron is suggested (see Proviron. ) Nolvadex is also useful during a diet since it helps in the burning of fat. Although Nolvadex has no direct fatburning effect its antiestrogenic effect contributes to keeping the estrogen level as low as possible. Nolvadex should especially be taken together with the strong androgenic steroids Dianabol and Anadrol 50, and the various testosterone compounds. Athletes who have a tendency to retain water and who have a mammary dysfunction should take Nolvadex as a prevention during every steroid intake. Since Nolvadex is very effective in most cases it is no wonder that several athletes can take Anadrol 5O and Dianabol until the day of a competition, and in combination with a diruretic still appear totally ripped in the limelight. Those who already have a low body fat content will achieve a visibly improved muscle hardness with Nolvadex.

Several bodybuilders like to use Nolvadex at the end of a steroid cycle since it increases the body s own testosterone production which will be discussed in more detail in the following-to counteract the side effects caused by the estrogens. These can occur after the discontinuance of steroids when the androgen level in relationship to the estrogen concentration is too low and estrogen becomes the dominant hormone. A very rare but all the more serious problem of Nolvadex is. that. in some cases it does not lower the estrogen level but can increase it. The Canadian physician, Dr: Mauro G. DiPasquale,in his book Drug Use and Detection in Amateur Sports, Update Five confirms this possibility: "Recent studies have shown, however that in a small number of people taking tamoxifen, the effect can be paradoxical. Instead of decreasing estrogen production, it can promote it; and instead of acting as an estrogen antagonist it can act as an agent. In these cases, for some unknown reason, adrenal DHEA production is dramatically inereased. Since DHEA is a steroid precurser for peripheral estrogren (and testosterone) production, serum estrogen levels are increased and the higher serum levels overwhelm the tamoxifen which is binding to the central receptors. Apparently only a slight increase in the serum estrogen concentration is needed to overcome the anti-estrogen effects of tamoxifen."

Another disadvantage is that it can weaken the anabolic effect of, some steroids. The reason is that Nolvadex, as we know, reduces the estrogen level. The fact is, however, that certain steroids especially the various testosterone compounds-can only achieve their full effect if the estrogen level is sufficiently high. Daniel Duchaine in his book Ask the Guru bolsters this thesis: "But it (testosterone)is not anabolic in and of itself, because it reduires the body to have a sufficient level of estrogen in order to achieve its fullest anabolic effect. This is why there is reduced anabolic activity from many steroids when Nolvadex (an estrogen antagonist, which is used primarily to prevent gynecomastia) is added to a steroid stack." Those who are used to the intake of larger amounts of various steroids do not have to worry about this. Athletes however, who predominantly use mild steroids such as Primobolan, Winstrol, Oxandrolone, and Deca-Durabolin should carefully consider whether or not they should take Nolvadex since, due to the compound's already moderate anabolic cffect, an additional loss af effect could take place, leading to unsatisfying results.

A rarely observed but welcome characteristic of Nolvadex is that it has a direct influence on the hypothalamus and thus, by an increased release of gonadotropine, it stimulates the testosterone production in the testes. This does not result in a tremendous but still a measurable increase of the body's own testosterone. This effect, however, is not sufficient to significantly increase the testosterone production reduced by anabolic /androgenic steroids. Also the physician Dr. Mauro G. Di Pasquale whom we have mentioned several times writes in his book Anabolic Steroid Side Effects-Fact, Fiction and Treatment on page 29: "However these compounds seem to have little effect on preventing the suppression of the HPTH while anabolic steroids are being used, perhaps because of an over riding direct suppression exerted by the anabolic steroids on the HPTA." For natural bodybuilders, however, use of Nolvadex, in this context, should be worth considering.

The side effects of Nolvadex are usually low in dosages of up to 30 mg/day. In rare cases nausea, vomiting, hot flashes, numbness, and blurred vision can occur. In women irregular menstrual cycles can occur which manifest themselves in weaker menstrual bleeding or even complete missing of a period. Women should also be careful not to get pregnant while taking Nolvadex. It is important for female athletes that Nolvadex and the "pill" not be taken together since the antiestrogen Nolvadex and the estrogen-containing pill negatively countereffect each other.The normal daily dosage taken by athletes corresponds more or less to the dosage indications of the manufacturer and is 10-30 mg/day. To prevent estrogenic side effects normally 10 mg/day are sufficient, a dosage which also Keeps low the risk of reducing the effect of simultaneously-taken steroids. Often it is sufficient if the athlete begins this preventive intake of Nolvadex only three to four weeks after the intake of anabolics. Athletes who have tendencies toward gynecomastia, strong water retention, and increased fat deposits with steroids such as Dianabol, Testosterone, Anadrol 50, and Deca-Durabolin usually take 20-30 mg/day. The combined application of Nolvadex 20-30 mg/day and Proviron 25-50 mg/day in these cases leads to excellent results. The same is true for athletes who are in competition, and for women. Women, however should do without the intake of Proviron or at least reduce the dose to one 25 mg tablet per day. Unfortunately, in most cases, a very pronounced gynecomastia ("pregnant dog tits") cannot be reduced by taking Nolvadex so that often surgery is required, surgery which is not paid for by health insurance. First signs of a possible gynecomastia are light pain when touching the nipples. The tablets are usuall taken 1-2x daily, swallowed whole without chewing, with some liquid during meals.

CLOMID - Clomiphene Citrate

Clomid is not an anabolic/androgenic steroid. Since it is a synthetic estrogen it belongs, however, to the group of sex hormones. In school medicine Clomid is normally used to trigger ovulation.

Clomid also has a strong influence on the hypothalamohypophysial testicular axis. It stimulates the hypo-physis to release more gonadotropin so that a faster and higher re-lease of FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) and LH (luteinizing hor-mone) occurs. This results in an elevated endogenous (body's own) testosterone level. Clomid is especially effective when the body's own testosterone production, due to the intake of anabolic/androgenic steroids, is suppressed. In most cases Clomid can normalize the tes-tosterone level and the spermatogenesis (sperm development) within 10- 14 days. For this reason Clomid is primarily taken after steroids are discontinued. At this time it is extremely important to bring the testosterone production to a normal level as quickly as possible so that the loss of strength and muscle mass is minimized. Even better results can be achieved if Clomid is combined with HCG or when Clomid is used after the intake of HCG.

Paradoxically, although Clomid is a synthetic estrogen it also works as an antiestrogen. The reason is that Clomid has only a very low estrogenic effect and thus the stronger estrogens which, for example, form during the aromatization of steroids, are blocked at the recep-tors. These would include those that develop during the aromatiz-ing of steroids. This does not prevent the steroids from aromatizing but the increased estrogen is mostly deactivated since it cannot at-tach to the receptors. The increased water retention and the possible signs of feminization can thus be reduced or even completely avoided. Since the antiestrogenic effect of Clomid is lower than those found in Proviron, Nolvadex, and Teslac it is mainly taken as a testosterone stimulant. Clomid is a medica-tion that promotes the production of the body's own stimulating hormone, gonadotropin, which in turn increases the testosterone level. It is, for example, administered to women as a so-called antiestrogen to trigger ovulation ("ovulation stimulator").

Side effects of Clomid are very rare if reasonable dosages are taken. Possible side effects are climacteric hot flashes and occasional visual disturbances which can manifest themselves in blurred vision, giv-ing flickering or flashing. Should visual disturbances occur, the manufacturer recommends discontinuing Clomid treatment. Inad-equate liver functions cannot be excluded; however, they are very unlikely. In women enlargement of the ovaries and abdominal pain can occur since Clomid stimulates the ovaries. When taking Clomid multiple pregnancies are possible as well. As for the dosage, 50-100 mg/day (1 -2 tablets) seems to be sufficient. The tablets are usually taken with fluids after meals. If several tablets are taken it is recom-mended that they be administered in equal doses distributed through-out the day. The duration of intake should not exceed 10 to 14 days. Most athletes begin with 100 mg/day, taking one 5 0 mg tablet ev-ery morning and evening after meals. After the fifth day the dosage is often reduced to only one 50 mg tablet per day It is normally not necessary to take the compound for more than ten days in order to increase the endogenous testosterone production. Since Clomid should not be taken for a prolonged time its application as an antiestrogen must be excluded because, for that purpose, it would have to be taken for several weeks.

LETROZOLE - New Generation Anti-E

DESCRIPTION
Femara (letrozole tablets) for oral administration contain 2.5 mg of letrozole, a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor (inhibitor of estrogen synthesis). It is chemically described as 4,4'-(1H-1,2,4 -Triazol-1-ylmethylene) dibenzonitrile.

Letrozole is a white to yellowish crystalline powder, practically odorless, freely soluble in dichloromethane, slightly soluble in ethanol, and practically insoluble in water. It has a molecular weight of 285.31, empirical formula C17H11N5 and a melting range of 184o C-185o C.

Femara (letrozole tablets) is available as 2.5 mg tablets for oral administration.

Inactive Ingredients.
Colloidal silicon dioxide, ferric oxide, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, maize starch, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, sodium starch glycolate, talc, and titanium dioxide.

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Mechanism of Action
The growth of some cancers of the breast are stimulated or maintained by estrogens. Treatment of breast cancer thought to be hormonally responsive (i.e., estrogen and/or progesterone receptor positive or receptor unknown) has included a variety of efforts to decrease estrogen levels (ovariectomy, adrenalectomy, hypophysectomy) or inhibit estrogen effects (antiestrogens and progestational agents). These interventions lead to decreased tumor mass or delayed progression of tumor growth in some women.

In postmenopausal women, estrogens are mainly derived from the action of the aromatase enzyme, which converts adrenal androgens (primarily androstenedione and testosterone) to estrone and estradiol. The suppression of estrogen biosynthesis in peripheral tissues and in the cancer tissue itself can therefore be achieved by specifically inhibiting the aromatase enzyme.

Letrozole is a nonsteroidal competitive inhibitor of the aromatase enzyme system; it inhibits the conversion of androgens to estrogens. In adult nontumor- and tumorbearing female animals, letrozole is as effective as ovariectomy in reducing uterine weight, elevating serum LH, and causing the regression of estrogen-dependent tumors. In contrast to ovariectomy, treatment with letrozole does not lead to an increase in serum FSH. Letrozole selectively inhibits gonadal steroidogenesis but has no significant effect on adrenal mineralocorticoid or glucocorticoid synthesis.

Letrozole inhibits the aromatase enzyme by competitively binding to the heme of the cytochrome P450 subunit of the enzyme, resulting in a reduction of estrogen biosynthesis in all tissues. Treatment of women with letrozole significantly lowers serum estrone, estradiol and estrone sulfate and has not been shown to significantly affect adrenal corticosteroid synthesis, aldosterone synthesis, or synthesis of thyroid hormones.

Pharmacokinetics
Letrozole is rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and absorption is not affected by food. It is metabolized slowly to an inactive metabolite whose glucuronide conjugate is excreted renally, representing the major clearance pathway. About 90% of radiolabeled letrozole is recovered in urine. Letrozole’s terminal elimination half-life is about 2 days and steady-state plasma concentration after daily 2.5mg dosing is reached in 2-6 weeks. Plasma concentrations at steady-state are 1.5 to 2 times higher than predicted from the concentrations measured after a single dose, indicating a slight nonlinearity in the pharmacokinetics of letrozole upon daily administration of 2.5mg. These steady-state levels are maintained over extended periods, however, and continuous accumulation of letrozole does not occur. Letrozole is weakly protein bound and has a large volume of distribution (approximately 1.9 L/kg).

Metabolism and Excretion
Metabolism to a pharmacologically-inactive carbinol metabolite (4, 4'-methanol-bisbenzonitrile) and renal excretion of the glucuronide conjugate of this metabolite is the major pathway of letrozole clearance. Of the radiolabel recovered in urine, at least 75% was the glucuronide of the carbinol metabolite, about 9% was two unidentified metabolites, and 6% was unchanged letrozole.

In human microsomes with specific CYP isozyme activity, CYP 3A4 metabolized letrozole to the carbinol metabolite while CYP 2A6 formed both this metabolite and its ketone analog. In human liver microsomes, letrozole strongly inhibited CYP 2A6 and moderately inhibited CYP 2C19.

Special Populations
Pediatric, Geriatric and Race: In the study populations (adults ranging in age from 35 to >80 years), no change in pharmacokinetic parameters was observed with increasing age. Differences in letrozole pharmacokinetics between adult and pediatric populations have not been studied. Differences in letrozole pharmacokinetics due to race have not been studied.

Renal Insufficiency: In a study of volunteers with varying renal function (24-hour creatinine clearance: 9-116 mL/min), no effect of renal function on the pharmacokinetics of single doses of 2.5mg of Femara (letrozole tablets) was found. In addition, in a study of 347 patients with advanced breast cancer, about half of whom received 2.5mg Femara and half 0.5mg Femara, renal impairment (calculated creatinine clearance: 20-50 mL/min) did not affect steady-state plasma letrozole concentration.

Hepatic Insufficiency: In a study of subjects with varying degrees of non-metastatic hepatic dysfunction (e.g., cirrhosis, Child-Pugh classification A and B), the mean AUC values of the volunteers with moderate hepatic impairment were 37% higher than in normal subjects, but still within the range seen in subjects without impaired function. Patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh classification C) have not been studied (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION, Hepatic Impairment).

Drug/Drug Interactions
A pharmacokinetic interaction study with cimetidine showed no clinically significant effect on letrozole pharmacokinetics. An interaction study with warfarin showed no clinically significant effect of letrozole on warfarin pharmacokinetics.

There is no clinical experience to date on the use of Femara in combination with other anti-cancer agents.

Pharmacodynamics
In postmenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer, daily doses of 0.1 mg to 5 mg Femara suppress plasma concentrations of estradiol, estrone, and estrone sulfate by 75%-95% from baseline with maximal suppression achieved within two-three days. Suppression is dose-related, with doses of 0.5 mg and higher giving many values of estrone and estrone sulfate that were below the limit of detection in the assays. Estrogen suppression was maintained throughout treatment in all patients treated at 0.5 mg or higher.

Letrozole is highly specific in inhibiting aromatase activity. There is no impairment of adrenal steroidogenesis. No clinically-relevant changes were found in the plasma concentrations of cortisol, aldosterone, 11-deoxycortisol, 17-hydroxy-progesterone, ACTH or in plasma renin activity among post-menopausal patients treated with a daily dose of Femara 0.1 mg to 5 mg. The ACTH stimulation test performed after 6 and 12 weeks of treatment with daily doses of 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, and 5 mg did not indicate any attenuation of aldosterone or cortisol production. Glucocorticoid or mineralocorticoid supplementation is, therefore, not necessary.

No changes were noted in plasma concentrations of androgens (androstenedione and testosterone) among healthy postmenopausal women after 0.1, 0.5, and 2.5 mg single doses of Femara or in plasma concentrations of androstenedione among postmenopausal patients treated with daily doses of 0. 1 mg to 5 mg. This indicates that the blockade of estrogen biosynthesis does not lead to accumulation of androgenic precursors. Plasma levels of LH and FSH were not affected by letrozole in patients, nor was thyroid function as evaluated by TSH levels, T3 uptake, and T4 levels.

ARIMIDEX - Anastrozole

A very new drug developed for the treatment of advanced breast cancer in women. It is manufactured by Zenica Pharmaceuticals and was approved for use in the United States at the end of December 1995. Specifically, Arimidex is the first in a new class of third-generation selective oral aromatase inhibitors5°. It acts by blocking the enzyme aromatase, subsequently blocking the production of estrogen. Since many forms of breast cancer cells are stimulated by estrogen, it is hoped that by reducing amounts of estrogen in the body the progression of such a disease can be halted. This is the basic premise behind Nolvadex, except this drug blocks the action and not production of estrogen. The effects of Arimidex can be quite dramatic to say the least. A daily dose of one tablet (1 mg) can produce estrogen suppression greater than 80 % in treated patients. With the powerful effect this drug has on hormone levels, it is only to be used (clinically) by post-menopausal women whose disease has progressed following treatment with Nolvadex (tamoxifen citrate). Side effects like hot flushes and hair thinning can be present, and would no doubt be much more severe in pre-menopausal patients.

For the steroid using male athlete, Arimidex shows great potential. Up to this point, drugs like Nolvadex and Proviron have been our weapons against excess estrogen. These drugs, especially in combination, do prove quite effective. But Arimidex appears able to do the job much more efficiently, and with less hassle. Its use is only now catching on, but early reports have been excellent. A single tablet daily, the same dose use clinically, seems to be all one needs for an exceptional effect (some even report excellent results with only 2 tablet daily). When used with strong, readily aromatizing androgens such as Dianabol or testosterone, gynecomastia and water retention can be effectively blocked. In combination with Propecia (finasteride, see Proscar), we have a great advance. With the one drug halting estrogen conversion and the other blocking 5-alpha reduction (testosterone, methyltestosterone and Halotestin only), related side effects can be effectively minimized. Here the strong androgen testosterone could theoretically provide incredible muscular growth, while at the same time being as tolerable as nandrolone. Additionally the quality of the muscle should be greater, the athlete appearing harder and much more defined without holding excess water.

There are some concerns with using an aromatase inhibitor such as this during prolonged steroid treatment however. While it will effectively reduce estrogenic side effects, it will also block the beneficial properties of estrogen from becoming apparent (namely its effect on cholesterol values). Studies have clearly shown that when an aromatase inhibitor is used in conjunction with a steroid such as testosterone, suppression of HDL (good) cholesterol becomes much more pronounced. Apparently estrogen plays a role in minimizing the negative impact of steroid use. Since the estrogen receptor antagonist Nolvadex is shown not to display an antiestrogenic effect on cholesterol values, it is certainly the preferred from of estrogen maintenance for those concerned with cardiovascular health.

Arimidex has another principle drawback, namely the great price of this drug. Tablets can easily sell for $10 each, becoming quite costly with regular use. ! am currently looking at the product list of a reliable European anabolics dealer, who sells Arimidex® in packages of 28 tablets for $250. Clearly the price of an ancillary drug can be much greater than the steroids themselves, a situation destined not to be popular with recreational bodybuilders. Competitors on the other hand are likely to welcome this item. It can ward off the side effects of strong androgen therapy much better than Nolvadex and/or Proviron , making heavy cycles much more comfortable. As the number of countries manufacturing this drug increases, we may be able to look forward to a reduction in price. On a list from a Greek supplier (a country where drugs are government subsidized) for example, the price was nearly $100 better per box. Privately compounded versions of "liquid Arimidex have also been formulated "for research purposes" and are currently circulating the black market. They contain a high concentration of anastrozole (1 mg to 4mg/ml) in a liquid solution, which can be used orally, and represent very cost-effective alternatives for buying the brand name drug (typically selling for $5 per milligram or less).

Human Growth Hormone - FAQ

Rating: (1 being the lowest, 5 being the highest)
Strength-4
Weight Gain-4
Fat Loss-4
Side Effects-2
Keep Gains--4

Side Effects:
Hypoglycemia- due to lowered Insulin levels.
Aromeglia- (abnormal bone growth) GH does not cause it, but if you are predisposed to it, it will speed it up.
GH gut- if predisposed and taking large doses of GH
Carpel Tunnel Syndrome
Soreness in Joints

Benefits of GH:
New Muscle Cells
Mood Enhancement
Smoothing and improving the skin
Leanness, it is a potent fat burner
Joint and ligament strengthening

Where to Inject, How, and How to Make:
You can site inject anywhere you can reach the subcutaneous layer. Pinch the flesh and pull back, then insert the needle in the "pocket" underneath. Doesn't absorb quick enough if you inject into the adipose tissue. Do not inject intra-muscular, though it can be done, it is not recommended. GH is a site injection, where it is shot is where it will burn the most noticeable fat. Most people do it in the stomach since that is a typical sub q shot with most of the fat being in that area. GH should be kept in a fridge; freezing will destroy the GH. On your kit it probably says to use the kit in 18-24 hours, remember these are for AIDS patients, not bodybuilders or athletes. Mixing the GH can either be done with sterile water or bacteriostic water. The kit with water will be fine for 3 days in the fridge, even with the sterile water, but you should not take this chance, rather you should use bacteriostic water and play it safe. This will keep it fine for a couple of weeks. When mixing the GH, let the water slide down the side as to not pulverize the GH wafer. Do not spray it directly against the wafer with any force. Before reconstitution and even after GH is fragile!!! Also once the water is injected into the bottle gently swirl the vial to reconstitute, do not shake or swirl violently!!!!

Conversions:
1 ml = 1 cc -/+
100 units per 1 cc

6 mg = 18iu

1 ml = 18iu

.50 ml = 9iu

.25 ml = 4.5iu

Some people choose to only do it in cc’s but here is how you can do it in units on a slin dart

5.5 = 1iu, so 2iu = 11 on a slin dart

Dose:
4 to 6 iu ed is sufficient. Most people take it 5 days on 2 days off at their designated dosage. There is no reason or evidence why you cannot stay on for various lengths of time; there is no need to go 5 on 2 off other than cost. Considering that our natural production is only .5 to 1.5iu a day, this is still a huge bump for the body. Research has shown that the body's natural defense systems render mega doses of GH ineffective, anyway. GH does not cause gains in mass...it allows you to put on a great deal of lean mass in combination with proper steroid and Insulin use. The user before taking must know this. One or two kits are not enough, you need at least 3 to make you happy, GH takes a while to make its effects, but remember they are long lasting, what you see is what you keep. It takes 6 to 8 weeks to notice a dramatic change in body comp using GH on an ED or 5/2 split. Lighter doses for long periods of time are better than large doses for short cycles. Like any other drug, the more you take the more the benefits, but likewise also more risks. 4-6 iu is a standard dose but many people take more, the most repulsing side effects happen at or beyond 12 iu a day but like anything else it depends on your predisposition for it.

How to Stack:
GH is best taken in conjunction with Insulin, anabolic steroids, and t3. Insulin is extremely effective with GH, as anyone here who has tried it will testify. This is because GH injections cause a down regulation of Insulin sensitivity in the body.
GH alone causes little growth of lean mass, however, when combined with Insulin and steroids (and IGF-1 if you can find it), the results can be down right remarkable...esp. in the older bodybuilder. Start light with the humulin...5iu...and work up 1 iu a day till you get use to it. 7 to 10iu in the AM and 7 to 10 iu in the late afternoon, with split doses of GH is your best bet. When splitting GH/Insulin doses, I use mid-morning and late afternoon after lifting.... both flat times in our natural GH production. The Insulin overcomes the Insulin-resistance caused by exogenous GH supplementation. If you are scared to take Insulin thought, then Gh with Test and Glucophage is good. GH is good for cutting if used alone. Glucophage allows for improved glucose and amino acid absorption by the muscle tissue and does it safely. This is what you want. The half-life of GH is only 2 hours so spread it out. Avoid bedtime injections since we produce the bulk of our own GH in the first two hours of sleep. Since exogenous GH suppresses this, you should not take it before bed. For best results, use a 17aa oral during the cycle to stimulate the release of natural Insulin growth factors. I would run the test throughout. GH/Insulin/test is the proven synergistic combination.
It is also wise to preload with testosterone before starting GH if you are going to do it. You should preload with the amount of time it takes for that testosterone to kick in, since most of us take longer acting esters for testosterone you should usually start taking the test 2 weeks before GH use. Likewise, you can accommodate it to fit your needs; the key is for the test to be kicking in the same time you are starting to run your GH. You can cycle you steroids however you want to depending on your goals, if you are going for a more massive look than you would run Insulin for most of the cycle and use high androgens, but if you are looking for additional leanness at the end of a cycle you should stop the androgens and run a higher dose of GH or run less androgens. T3 is also another substance that should be used during GH cycling since GH lowers thyroid hormones. T3 should be used for shorter periods though, because it can permanently alter the endocrine system. The magic of GH for men is the ability to gain mass without fat or bloating when stacked properly with Insulin, and steroids. GH also makes for amazing improvements in skin...smoothes wrinkles, burns stubborn spots of adipose tissue, gives that paper-thin contest look...and also gives one a real mood lift, a feeling of well being.

Major Difference Between GH and Steroids:
Steroids can increase the size of your muscle cells, but cannot I repeat CAN NOT increase the number of muscle cells in your body, which to start with is governed by your genetics. However Growth hormone CAN increase the number of muscle cells in your body, which goes beyond genetics.

Half-Life of GH:
Exogenous (injected) GH has a "half-life" of approximately 2 hours . . . a 4-hour period of activity during which there is a suppression of naturally produced GH.

GH Naturally Produced:
We release the most of our naturally produced GH during the first two hours of deep sleep...you may take a little time to adjust.... your body thinks you should be in bed when that big influx hits. It is good to take a nap, that’s when you grow anyway. It always helps to take naps after workouts and injections everyday.

GH Causing Acromeglia:
Acromeglia is a disease...you either have it or you don't. Supplementing GH will not cause it. Persons suffering from acromeglia, like Andre the Giant, lack the natural defense mechanisms of the body to regulate the production and effects of GH secretion in he pituitary. It is well established in the medical literature that exogenous GH will not cause the disease.... of course it would worsen the condition in those who had it.

GH Gut: Myth or Reality?:
Some researchers claim that any gains in weight experienced by subjects using GH alone was due to growth of internal organs and connective tissue, which could cause some problems. Most studies do not agree with this theory and consider "GH gut" to be a myth. Some people are allergic to synthetic test, this is something you have to find out for yourself. Some people also feel intestinal discomfort from time to time, if so take it down to one item at a time to see what is causing you discomfort; creatine , glutamine, protein products, orals, and dirty gear have all been known to cause this, so find the problem early.

GH and IGF-1:
Perhaps the most relevant effect of IGF-1 is the ability of IGF-1 to increase protein synthesis by increasing cellular mRNA formation (mRNA makes protein) as well as increasing uptake of amino acids. This effect on protein synthesis can lead to increased lean mass. The research indicates that this effect is dependent on GH presence as well. So IGF-1 alone does not promote such effects. Nor does GH. It appears the combination of the two most consistently lead to increased protein synthesis.

GH and IGF-1 are negative regulators of GH release so an increase in either (from a GH injection) reduces the secretion of GH. IGF-1 is very difficult to obtain in a useable condition.... it must be handled very gently and have bee kept at a rather precise temperature at all times. One can stimulate IGF production through the use of an oral steroid during cycle. Dbol, for example, causes a rather extensive release of IGF during the first pass through the liver.

IGF-1 Long R3

IGF stands for insulin-like growth factor. It is a natural substance that is produced in the human body and is at its highest natural levels during puberty. During puberty IGF is the most responsible for the natural muscle growth that occurs during these few years. There are many different things that IGF does in the human body; I will only mention the points that would be important for physical enhancement. Among the effects the most positive are increased amino acid transport to cells, increased glucose transport, increased protein synthesis, decreased protein degradation, and increased RNA synthesis.

When IGF is active it behaves differently in different types of tissues. In muscle cells proteins and associated cell components are stimulated. Protein synthesis is increased along with amino acid absorption. As a source of energy, IGF mobilizes fat for use as energy in adipose tissue. In lean tissue,

IGF prevents insulin from transporting glucose across cell membranes. As a result the cells have to switch to burning off fat as a source of energy.

IGF also mimic's insulin in the human body. It makes muscles more sensitive to insulin's effects, so if you are a person that currently uses insulin you can lower your dosage by a decent margin to achieve the same effects, and as mentioned IGF will keep the insulin from making you fat.

Perhaps the most interesting and potent effect IGF has on the human body is its ability to cause hyperplasia, which is an actual splitting of cells. Hypertrophy is what occurs during weight training and steroid use, it is simply an increase in the size of muscle cells. See, after puberty you have a set number of muscle cells, and all you are able to do is increase the size of these muscle cells, you don't actually gain more. But, with IGF use you are able to cause this hyperplasia which actually increases the number of muscle cells present in the tissue, and through weight training and steroid usage you are able to mature these new cells, in other words make them grow and become stronger. So in a way IGF can actually change your genetic capabilities in terms of muscle tissue and cell count. IGF proliferates and differentiates the number of types of cells present. At a genetic level it has the potential to alter an individuals capacity to build superior muscle density and size.

There is a lot of talk about the similarity between IGF and growth hormone. The most often asked question is simply which is more effective. GH doesn't directly cause your muscles to grow, it works very indirectly by increasing protein synthesis capabilities, increasing the amount of insulin a person can use effectively, and increasing the amount of anabolic steroids a person can use effectively. GH also indirectly causes muscle growth by stimulating the release of IGF when it (the GH) is destroyed in the human body. So one way you could look at it as GH being a precursor to IGF. So to put it simple IGF is more effective at directly causing muscle growth and density increases. IGF is also much more cost effective.

IGF can also be effectively used by itself and gains will still be easily noticeable. With growth hormone you need to use high amounts of anabolics and often insulin to see any gains at all, this is not the case with IGF. IGF can be used by itself and is often used by bodybuilders who bridge between cycles, during this bridge is a good time to use IGF since it has no effect on natural testosterone production so it will therefore allow you to return to normal in terms of hormone levels. A stack of IGF, PGF2a, HCG, and clomid would be a good bridge stack and would allow your body to return to normal and still allow you to retain and make new gains.

IGF is a research drug, it hasn't been approved by the FDA for use as a pharmaceutical and it is currently being researched for nerve tissue repair, possible burn victims, and also as a possible aid in muscle wasting for AIDS patients. There are many different analogs of IGF available, instead of mentioning them all, I will simply mention the two most common and the most effective. Regular recombinant IGF is one of the two, it is also the more expensive and the least effective. Regular IGF only has a half-life of about 10-20 minutes in the human body and is quickly destroyed, it can be combined with certain binding proteins to extend the half-life, but it is not a very simple procedure and there is a more effective and less expensive version available. The most effective form of IGF is Long R3 IGF-1, it has been chemically altered and has had amino acid changes which cause it to avoid binding to proteins in the human body and allow it to have a much longer half life, around 20-30 hours. "Long R3 IGF-1 is an 83 amino acid analog of IGF-1 comprising the complete human IGF-1 sequence with the substition of an Arg(R) for the Glu(E) at position three, hence R3, and a 13 amino acid extension peptide at the N terminus. This analog of IGF-1 has been produced with the purpose of increasing the biological activity of the IGF peptide."

"Long R3 IGF-1 is signifacantly more potent than IGF-1. The enhanced potency is due to the decreased binding of Long R3 IGF-1 to all known IGF binding proteins. These binding proteins normally inhibit the biological actions of IGF's."

It is also not as expensive since a media grade version is available which is sufficient for bodybuilding use. There is also a receptor grade available but it is VERY expensive and the only noticeable difference between the two would only be able to be noticed in a laboratory setting. The price on the black market for Long R3 IGF-1 can be seen anywhere from $300-$500 per milligram depending on the source, be wary of black market dealers of any IGF since it is a VERY difficult item to obtain. As mentioned IGF is a research product and is only available from a few laboratories in the world and is only available to research companies and biotechnology institutions. For the rest of this article when I say IGF I am now referring to Long R3 IGF-1 for simplicity sake.

Any form of IGF is ONLY supplied in a lyphosized form, which means a dry powder state. NEVER PUCHASE PRE-DILUTED LIQUID IGF!!!! There is no such product made anywhere in the world and even if there were real IGF ever present in the vial it would all be dead by the time you receive it. IGF is a very delicate peptide and must be diluted by yourself, where you have access to a refrigerator and freezer. There has also been a lot of talk by certain sources claiming to have IGF made by the Eli Lilly company, to clear things up Lilly is a pharmaceutical company and as stated IGF is a research drug and has not yet been approved, Lilly does not and never has manufactured research drugs for retail sale.

The dilutents you will need for the IGF are a weak concentration of hydrochloric acid and a sterile buffer(sterile water or bacteriostatic water) the procedure for diluting the IGF is not very difficult, the dilutents can be obtained from most local chemical suppliers and a good source of IGF would also be able to supply the necessary dilutents.

The most effective length for a cycle of IGF is 50 days on and 20-40 days off. The most controversy surrounding Long R3 IGF-1 is the effective dosage. The most used dosages range between 20mcg/day to 120+mcg/day. IGF is only available by the milligram, one mg will give you a 50 day cycle at 20mcg/day, 2mg will give you a 50 day cycle at 40mcg/day, 3mg will give you a 50 day cycle at 60mcg/day, 4mg will give you a 50 day cycle at 80mcg/day and so on. The dosage issue mainly revolves around how much money you have to spend, plenty of people use the minimum dosage of 20mcg/day and are happy with the results, and in fact several top bodybuilders use the 20mcg/day dosage and are pleased with the results. IGF is most effective when administered subcutaneously and injected once or twice daily at your current dosage. The best time for injections is either in the morning and/or immediately after weight training.

Another frequently asked question of IGF refers to the real world results, in terms of pure weight gain don't expect to gain 5 lbs. a week like you may off of anadrol or a similar steroid. The only weight you will gain from IGF use is pure lean muscle tissue, with steroids most of the weight gained is water weight. With an effective dosage you can expect to gain 1-2 lbs of new lean muscle tissue every 2-3 weeks and these effects can be increased with the use of testosterone, anabolic steroids, and insulin use. Increased vascularity is also very common, people report seeing veins appear where they never have before. And yet another effect reported is the ability to stay lean while bulking with heavy dosages of steroids and TONS of food while on an IGF cycle, this is perhaps the most pleasing effect. Increased pumps are also noticeable almost immediately, the pumps can almost become painful, pumps are even noticeable when doing cardio.

Overall, IGF is a very exciting drug due to its ability to alter ones genetic capabilities. If you can find a trustworthy source and you use it correctly it can be a VERY useful tool in your bodybuilding drug arsenal.

Long™R3IGF-I is an analog of human IGF-I.
· It is a superior alternative to insulin in serum-free media.
· It increases protein production by cells in culture medium.
· It increases cell viability by inhibiting apoptosis.
· It has a longer half-life in cell culture than insulin.
· It is readily available.
· There is secure and ample manufacturing capacity at GroPep Limited.
· No animal- or human- derived material is used in the manufacture or storage of Long™R3IGF-I.
· Long™R3IGF-I is already being used in the manufacture of three (3) biopharmaceuticals approved by FDA and EMEA.

IGF-1 Long R3 Continued...

Frequently Asked Questions

What cell types will respond to Long™R3IGF-I?
All cells that have a Type I IGF receptor will potentially respond. Most commercially used cells including CHO, fibroblasts and hybridomas have a type I IGF receptor. All cells which respond to pharmacological concentrations of insulin (>1 mg/liter) will respond to Long™R3IGF-I (10-50 mg/liter).

Is storage of the stock solution at 4°C acceptable?
Yes

How long is the stock solution stable for under these storage conditions?
Liquid stability data shows that Long™R3IGF-I is stable for 3 years (-20°C to 37°C). Therefore, the stock solution should be stable at 4°C for 3 years.

What type of preparation is available?
Liquid formulation, preferable for GMP production.
Freeze dried preparation.

Is Long™R3IGF-I stable?
Re-test date for freeze-dried peptide is 3 years. Liquid formulation stability studies have recently been completed. It is stable for 3 years (-20°C to +37°C). We have data indicating stability in media at 4°C for 1 year.

Here is an article written by a self-experimenter.

December 15, 2000

Answer: What a perfect question! You actually have talked to just the right person. I have a business associate that worked for the company that produces this in Australia. Several years ago, I ordered 10mg of Long R3 IGF-1 and used it for several months. What I found out was truly amazing.

Before I tell you about my results, let me tell you that if you are going to use IGF-1 then make sure it is the Long R3 version! Let me explain. Regular IGF-1 like what is produced in your body is transported around connected to binding proteins. There are quite a few of these and their main purpose is to grab ahold of the IGF-1 peptide and keep it from being quickly degraded. Without these binding proteins, all of the IGF-1 would be metabolized in the body within a few minutes. The problem (at least it seems like a problem but might actually be a good thing) is that these binding proteins basically prevent the IGF-1 from performing its function. As long as IGF-1 is attached to the binding protein it cannot do the cool stuff that it wants to do. Regular IGF-1 must be released from its binding protein in order to accomplish its mission. Part of the problem is that much of the IGF-1 is degraded before it is released (seems like much is wasted doesn’t it?)

With Long R3 IGF-1 this problem doesn’t exist. Understand that the Long R3 version does not bind to the various binding proteins. It is free to move throughout your body and immediately start doing all the cool stuff that it wants to do. Again, understand that the Long R3 version is several orders of magnitude stronger than regular IGF-1.

If you would happen to use regular IGF-1, you would need several milligrams per day in order to get the desired effect. With the Long R3 version, you need only microgram quantities. Long R3 is also inherently MUCH cheaper to produce. What I am saying is that for the average person, regular IGF-1 is not practical-it is too expensive and you need to use too much. With Long R3 IGF-1, the price to results ratio is pretty good!

Something else I want to explain is how I went about preparing it for injection into my body. Unfortunately, this is not easy and the average person will have a hard time doing it. At the time, I worked in a sophisticated lab which had all of the necessary equipment. I ordered 10mg of Long R3 IGF-1 and it came in a single flip-top vial. 10mg might not seem like much but believe me, when it comes to Long R3 IGF-1, it is a ton! Some people might say to just add saline to the vial, keep it in the fridge and inject it when necessary. However, this will not work well because the IGF-1 is not highly stable and will degrade in an aqueous environment. 10mg was enough for many months and I needed a way that would allow the IGF-1 to remain potent during this entire time. I did my research and developed my method. I ordered what is known as microvials and sterilized them. I then diluted the IGF-1 with sterile water and added just a tad of acid to increase stability. Although it took quite a while, I then used a micropipette and alliquotted an amount of solution that contained 50mcg into one of my microvials. I closed the microvial and then froze it in a deep freezer. When I was ready to inject, I took out one or more of my microvials, thawed it out, combined it with saline and injected it.

When I first started taking Long R3 IGF-1, I used 50mcg every other day. Amazingly, within days, I started noticing some effects in my body. I felt super hungry all of the time and just felt “anabolic”. I can’t describe this feeling except to say that it was very similar to being on anabolic steroids (I wasn’t on at the time). Within one month, I gained almost 17 pounds of fairly lean mass! After the first month, something happened though and I noticed that it didn’t seem to be working that well. I upped the dosage several times over the next month to keep up the desired effects. On the third month, I was using several hundred micrograms per day but wasn’t noticing any further gains. All in all, I gained about 20 pounds of pretty solid mass!

Please notice that almost all of my gains were within the first month of taking the Long R3 IGF-1. After this first month, my gains slowed down considerably and eventually stopped altogether even though I was taking high dosages. Why did this happen?

From all of my research, I suppose one of two things might have happened to prevent me from making further gains. What I truly suspect is that the Long R3 IGF-1 downregulated the amount of binding proteins being produced by my body (research confirms this). When I first started to inject the IGF-1, I was supplementing my own body’s IGF-1. I not only had my own IGF-1 working throughout the day but I had the potent surges of Long R3 IGF-1 that I would inject. Over time though, the binding proteins were downregulated. Of course my body continued to produce some (albeit less) IGF-1, however, because there were very little or no binding proteins it was quickly degraded. From what I can tell, I was in a state where 95% of the day my body did not have the benefits of IGF-1. Basically, it got what it got when I injected the Long R3 version.

The other possibility is that I built up antibodies to the Long R3 IGF-1 which basically sought out and destroyed what I injected. Although possible, I don’t believe this actually happened because it is not supported by research. I have seen no evidence which suggests that Long R3 IGF-1 causes antibody production.

To fix the above problem, one would have to cycle the Long R3 IGF-1. The best thing would probably be to take it every other month. This would allow your own body’s IGF-1 and binding proteins to return to normal.

Overall, I had a good experience with Long R3 IGF-1. The results were different than with steroids. I have noticed that steroids cause preferential growth of certain muscles, especially those that are stressed (as in lifting). The IGF-1 though seemed to cause my entire body to get a little thicker. I guess IGF-1 is less compensatory in nature and exerts a more whole-body anabolicity.

Would I recommend IGF-1? To the right person who is very careful and knows what he’s doing and has a good background in the sciences and has access to a good lab, YES! However, you can tell that I have listed many prerequisites to using it. For the average Joe, I believe is is just too complicated to be safe.

Insulin

Insulin is a hormone produced in the pancreas which helps to regulate glucose levels in the body. Medically, it is typically used in the treatment of diabetes. Recently, insulin has become quite popular among bodybuilders due to the anabolic effect it can offer. With well-times injections, insulin will help to bring glycogen and other nutrients to the muscle.

In America, regular human insulin is available without a prescription by the name of Humulin R by Eli Lilly and Company. It costs about $20 for a 10 ml vial with a strength of 100 IU per ml. Eli Lilly and Company also produces 5 other insulin formulations, but none of these should be used by bodybuilders. Humulin R is the safest because it takes effect quickly and has the shortest duration of activity. The other insulin formulations remain active for a longer period and can put the user in an unexpected state of hypoglycemia.

Hypoglycemia occurs when blood glucose levels are too low. It is a common and potentially fatal reaction experienced by insulin users. Before an athlete begins taking insulin, it is critical that he understands the warning signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia. The following is a list of symptoms which may indicate a mild to moderate hypoglycemia: hunger, drowsiness, blurred vision, depressive mood, dizziness, sweating, palpitation, tremor, restlessness, tingling in the hands, feet, lips, or tongue, lightheadedness, inability to concentrate, headache, sleep disturbances, anxiety, slurred speech, irritability, abnormal behavior, unsteady movement, and personality changes. If any of these warning signs should occur, an athlete should immediately consume a food or drink containing sugar such as a candy bar or carbohydrate drink. This will treat a mild to moderate hypoglycemia and prevent a severe state of hypoglycemia. Severe hypoglycemia is a serious condition that may require medical attention. Symptoms include disorientation, seizure, unconsciousness, and death.

Insulin is used in a wide variety of ways. Most athletes choose to use it immediately after a workout. Dosages used are usually 1 IU per 10-20 pounds of lean bodyweight. First-time users should start at a low dosage and gradually work up. For example, first begin with 2 IU and then increase the dosage by 1 IU every consecutive workout. This will allow the athlete to safely determine a dosage. Insulin dosages can very significantly among athletes and are dependent upon insulin sensitivity and the use of other drugs. Athletes using growth hormone can thyroid will have higher insulin requirements, and therefore, will be able to handle higher dosages.

Humilin R should be injected subcutaneously only with a U-100 insulin syringe. Insulin syringes are available without a prescription in many states. If the athlete cannot purchase the syringes at a pharmacy, he can mail order them or buy them on the black market. Using a syringe other than a U-100 is dangerous since it will be difficult to measure out the correct dosage. Subcutaneous insulin injections are usually given by pinching a fold of skin in the abdomen area. To speed up the effect of insulin, many athletes will inject their dosage into the thighs or triceps.

Most athletes will bring their insulin with them to the gym. Insulin should be refrigerated, but it is all right to keep it in a gym bag as long as it is kept away from excessive heat. Immediately after a workout, the athlete will inject his dosage of insulin. Within the next fifteen minutes, he should have a carbohydrate drink such as Ultra Fuel by Twinlab. The athlete should consume at least 10 grams of carbohydrates for every 1 IU of insulin injected. Most athletes will also take creatine monohydrate with their carbohydrate drink since the insulin will help to force the creatine into the muscles. An hour or so after injecting insulin, most athletes will eat a meal or consume a protein shake. The carbohydrate drink and meal/protein shake are necessary. Without them, blood sugar levels will drop dangerously low and the athlete will most likely go into a state of hypoglycemia.

Many athletes will get sleepy after injecting insulin. This may be a symptom of hypoglycemia, and an athlete should probably consume more carbohydrates. Avoid the temptation to go to bed since the insulin may take its peak effect during sleep and significantly drop glucose levels. Being unaware of the warning signs during this slumber, the athlete is at a high risk of going into a state of severe hypoglycemia without anyone realizing it. Humulin R usually remains active for only 4 hours with a peak at about two hours after injecting. An athlete would be wise to stay up for the 4 hours after injecting.

Rather than waiting to the end of a workout, many athletes prefer to inject their insulin dosage 30 minutes before their training session is over and then consume a carbohydrate drink immediately following the workout. This will make the insulin more efficient at bringing glycogen to the muscles, but it will also increase the danger of hypoglycemia. Some athletes will even inject a few IUs before lifting to improve their pump. This practice is extremely risky and best left to athletes with experience using insulin. After the injection, they will consume a carbohydrate drink and then have breakfast within the next hour. Some athletes find this application of insulin very beneficial for putting on mass, while others will tend to put on excess fat using insulin in this way.

Insulin use cannot be detected during a drug test. For this reason, along with the fact that it is cheap and readily available, insulin has become a popular drug among the competitive athlete. However, before an athlete attempts to use insulin, he should educate himself and make himself aware of the consequences. One mistake in dosage or diet can be potentially fatal.

Insulin safety

1. Do not use slin alone have a training partner or girlfriend who's not using slin hang around with you from the time you take the slin to about 2.5/4 hrs after.

2. Tell you're partner to look for anything out of the norm for your personality and have a list of questions like your ssn or address etc that they can ask you. Don't joke around, and answer them without ****, because if you cant answer or refuse to answer it could be a sign of hypoglycemia(low blood sugar). Symptoms of hypoglycemia include disorientation, headache, drowsiness, weakness, dizziness, fast heartbeat, sweating, tremor, and nausea.

3. If you cant/wont answer or are feeling the symptoms of hypoglycemia they should be prepared to feed you carbs like pancake syrup, coke, sugary stuff. I bought glucose tablets at walmart. kinda like candy but gets in the blood faster and dissolve quickly. these are for diabetics ask at the pharmacy.

4. Have your partner know that if they suspect low blood sugar and cant convince or force you to consume carbs until your better. CALL 911 and ask for an ambulance and tell the truth to the operator... that they suspect you are in insulin shock and explain when they get there(the ambulance guys not the cops) that you are not diabetic but using insulin for anabolic purposes. Have the type of slin, the dosage and carbs consumed recorded to give the paramedic. They will save your life. Then you refuse transport to the hospital and eat. It might be a good idea to make sure your house is "clean" before every workout just in case the bad thing happens and the cops ask a lot of questions.

5. Why so much preparation for the possible problem?? insulin can kill you in minutes if you go down!!

6. Take the carbs and protein together immediately after injecting the slin(dont take chances trying to time out 15 min after injection). Take the protein with the carbs because the protein is pushed into the muscles with the slin also(creatine too).

7. Before an hour passes you should eat a normal balanced meal(high protein low fat with carbs).

8. Consume another small high protein medium carb low fat meal at 2.5 hours after the injection. Congrats you lived.(keep some gatoraid on hand just to make sure because your not gonna have a lifeline)

9. YAWN... Don't go to sleep within 4/6 hours of using insulin since you can develop hypoglycemia while asleep and not have warning signs

CYTOMEL - Liothyronine Sodium

Cynomel is a synthetically form of the natural thyroid hormone 3, 5, 3' triiodothyronine, which has all the pharmacologic activities of the natural substance. Clinically, Cynomel had been often utilized in efforts to have treated Hypothyroidism, which is a thyroid insufficiency, as well as other secondary symptoms such as obesity, metabolic disorders, and fatigue. Thyroid hormones had been characteristically believed to have been able to have exerted most of their actions through the control of protein synthesis. When moderate amounts of Thyroid hormones had been administered, they had been able to have increased the synthesis of RNA and protein, which had often been followed by an increased basal metabolic rate; as well as having stimulated the oxidative enzy;;ne systems. This, in turn, had enhanced the release of free fatty acids from adipose tissue, and had increased the intestinal absorption and peripheral utilization of glucose. When higher concentrations had been apparent, this had generally resulted in the decrease of protein synthesis, and in the increase of the breakdown of glycogen, lipids and protein.

The Cynomel compound closely had resembled the natural thyroid hormone, Tricodide-thyronine (L-T3), and under normal circumstances, the thyroid usually had preduced two hormones, L-thyroxine (L-T4) and L4riiodine 4hyronine (L-T3). However, the latter hormone, had been much stronger and more effective of the two, and had been approximately 4 times as potent as L-T4 on a weight basis.

When Cynomel had been administered orally, it had been readily available to the body tissue with approximately 95% of the dose being absorbed within 4 hours from the gastrointestinal tract. The biological half-life of Cynomel had been approximately two and a half days, with the maximal pharmacologic response having occurred within 2 or 3 days. This characteristic had also provided for an early clinical response, as the onset of activity had usually ocatired within a few hours.

Several seff-amninistering athletes had generally claimed that the synthetic compound of Cynomel had been able to have produced the same processes in the body, as if the thyroid had been able to have to produced more of the hormone. Consequently, this entity had allowed Cynomel to have been more effective than the compound of Eutirox or Tiroidine,56 which had been other commercially available L-T4 compounds that had been currently available in Mexico.

Many athletes had taken advantage of these characteristics which had been able to have stimulated the metabolism, which in turn, had resulted in a faster conversion of the macronutrients of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. B~ybuilders, had been especially interested in increased fatburning (lipolysis) entities of the compound of Cynomel. Cynomel had been often utilized by competing bodybuilders several weeks prior to competition, as it had aided in having maintained an extremely low fat content, without the extremes of a starvation diet. This distinctive feature also had made it very popular amongst female athletes, due to the fact that women generally had slower metabolisms than men. Administration of Cynomel had allegedly allowed for the ridding of bodyfat, without a drastic caloric restriction. This also had perinined many athletes to have been able to have remained on high calorie diets with the added advantage of having maintained a "ripped" appearance. Athletes who had utilized Cytomel over several weeks, often had experienced a decrease in muscle mass, which had been discovered to have been avoidable or at least delayed, by the simultaneous intake of steroidal compounds, and by the consumption of a protein rich diet.

Another advantage which several athletes who had administered low dosages of Cynomel had claimed to have experienced, had been that the simultaneous intake of steroidal compounds had appeared to have become more effective. This possibly may have occurred as a result of the faster conversion of protein. Although some athletes still had utilized the administration of Cynomel, it had not been nearly as popular as it had once appeared to have been. Spiropent, and Ephedrine (the latter is currently not available in Mexico), had emerged to have had employed the same accelerating metabolism effects, with other added advantages such as possible strength and muscle increases. The combination however, of Cynomel and Spiropent, or Ephedrine (the latter is currently not available in Mexico), had allegedly appeared to have had enormously accelerated lipolysis

Doses: 1-5 tablets/ day (25mcg)
Side effects: none "with proper use"
Strength & Mass gains: None
Cutting: Verry good & Excellent fat burner

DNP - 2,4-Dinitrophenol

DNP (2,4-Dinitrophenol), an industrial chemical with various applications, has gained steady popularity as a fat loss tool. Boasting an astounding 50% increase in metabolic rate, it is able to contribute to reported fat losses of 10-12 pounds in 8 days of use. Classified as an "uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation" medically, it is quite dangerous as there is no negative feedback system that may deal with overdoses. Specifically, there is no upper limit to the increase in body temperature that may be obtained with its use.

Introduction/History
With summer approaching, competitive bodybuilders and many others are beginning their quest for leanness. Used by the hardcore since Dan Duchaine's reporting of it a couple years ago, DNP (2,4-Dinitrophenol) has managed to steadily gain popularity as a powerful tool for weight loss. Interestingly, DNP was first used to ignite TNT in the early 1900’s. In 1931 a study released by Stanford University declared that DNP was able to cause amazing weight loss; subsequently it found its way into many diet potions and medications; regulation was much less strict during this time than the present, and many of these products were available over the counter. Two years later DNP was banned by the FDA as a dieting agent due to its inclusion in many OTC dietary supplements. The FDA was a new organization at this time and acted in a rather brazen manner, with the absence of any set procedures for taking substances off the market. Granted, there was only a 1% incidence of cataracts over a large population (around 100,000); nonetheless it happened (although interestingly, exclusively women). However, there are now ways to counter this which will be covered thoroughly.
The comparisons to the current drugs used for dieting are astounding, at least in terms of thermogenesis. While the ECA stack has been shown to provide approximately a 3% increase in metabolic rate, DNP can deliver a relatively controlled 50% elevation in resting metabolic rate. The thermogenic aspect of clenbuterol, while sometimes overestimated due to the high CNS stimulation that yields a "wired" feeling, can vary according to prior exposure to various amphetamine-like compounds and certainly is not much greater than that of ECA. DNP does not have the anorectic effects of ephedrine or other thermogenic agents; rather, it tends to increase hunger, particularly appetite for carbohydrates. This problem is easily solved with appetite suppressants, and one may even use ECA itself for this purpose while on DNP.

Molecular Basis for Efficacy
DNP accomplishes the astounding boost in metabolic rate via inhibition of the F0F1 ATP synthase molecule, located in the inner wall of each mitochondrion. While the electron transport chain still functions to pump hydrogen ions into the intermembrane space, the coupling of the proton gradient to ATP production is rendered impossible by DNP. As a result, ATP production is dramatically reduced, and the energy is instead thrown off as heat. This results in an astounding production of heat; when using dinitrophenol, the athlete will radiate so much heat that it is uncomfortable to be within any proximity of them. Luckily, this heat does not fully contribute to body temperature increases, and is instead thrown off from the entire body surface, particularly the head. As a result, adequate doses of DNP will usually only elevate body temperature by about 1-1.5ºC. This is a good thing for your central nervous system and other delicate tissues; if the heat produced by ATP contributed in a more direct matter to body temperature, effective doses for fat loss would cause supraphysiological body temperature increases on a level unwitnessed at this time. Nonetheless, overheating is a very real danger; this and other side effects shall now be addressed.

Risks/Side Effects
Hearing all of these wonderful things probably has you wondering what the side effects and risks are. They are quite formidable and contribute to making DNP one of the most intolerable (though effective) drugs used in bodybuilding. Starting with the most significant, and descending in importance, are the following risks and side effects of DNP use.

Risks:
Overheating - There is no upper limit to DNP's body temperature increase, meaning that one may literally "cook from the inside" if they take too much. Dosage considerations will be given later, but even an overdose of 4-6 times the recommended dosage may be lethal. Much smaller overdoses may result in damage to the brain and/or other body systems.
Carcinogenesis - Phenols in general are reputed to be carcinogenic. Although 2,4-dinitrophenol has never been implicated in a cancer diagnosis, some are nonetheless concerned, and understandably so. In addition to the inherent carcinogenic potential caused by its status as a phenol, production of free radicals and the release of various compounds stored in adipose tissue stores during DNP's rapid oxidation of fat may also potentially be harmful.

Side Effects:
Discomfort and sweating - This is the single most noticeable effect of DNP use, both by the user and those around him/her. Even in the winter, while indoors at ambient temperatures, one may expect his or her shirt to be completely soaked through with sweat. Those with jobs requiring formal or semi-formal apparel are advised to consider other means of fat loss (or a new job, if preferred). Other obvious considerations lie in the areas of social life, personal appearance, etc. and the user must prioritize.
Insomnia - Second in frequency of reports to sweating and discomfort is insomnia; this may be at least partially attributed to discomfort. Possible means of countering this include such supplements as Valerian root or melatonin. Alternatively, one may deal with this via prescription or OTC sleep medications or GHB-A precursors. However, these may be addictive if used on a regular basis and if their use may be avoided, by all means abstain from using them.
Yellow bodily fluids - Some don't notice this, but others find that all of their bodily fluids take on a yellowish appearance. Urine is a darker yellow, and even semen and girl thingyl secretions may be affected. According to current knowledge, this is not known to be harmful in and of itself.
Muscle Soreness - This is yet another thing that may be minimized via cerebral function. Dan Duchaine has recommended using a weight such as to allow no fewer than 15 reps per set of any weight training workout; judging from anecdotal reports and personal experience, this seems to be good advice. Low levels of ATP are a cause of muscle soreness in and of itself; the additional factor of encumbered recovery mechanisms make extreme soreness (and if not careful, catabolism) quite possible.
Allergic Reactions – These are highly individualized but may be summarily discussed. Various reactions are common with DNP use, and approximately 10% of users will be extremely allergic to it. Allergic reactions can include hives, blisters, and/or inexplicable rashes. If you suffer any of these side effects, and they are extremely bothersome, it is the recommendation of the author to cease usage immediately. If so desired, another trial may be made at a later date with a lower dosage, but do not attempt to continue the drug cycle at that point.
Carbohydrate Cravings - To counter this, some methods will be touched on later. As with most diets, willpower is sometimes the single most important factor.

Obtaining DNP and Making Capsules
If, given these considerations, you still are ready to take the plunge and use DNP, you will need to learn how to obtain and/or make your own capsules. DNP is shipped industrially in large metal tins holding a glass jar containing the wet DNP, which is wetted with enough water to total 15-35% of total mass to prevent explosion while in transit. Ample cushioning material around the glass jar is included to further prevent ignition of DNP (it is highly flammable) and the obvious possibility of breaking the jar. Chemical sellers will not sell this chemical to individuals or any other entity without an account. However, if you are resourceful enough to get some, the following are instructions on how to properly prepare capsules.

A) Extreme caution is necessary when making the caps. DNP is bright yellow and will even go through gloves. This stain will not go away for up to 2 weeks. If it does get on your hands or other parts of yoru house, you can usually get it off with 2(3H) Furanone dinitro (butyrolactone). It usually will come out of clothes with laundering.

B) Care is of the utmost importance when measuring out the amount one would need. Dan recommends 5 to 8 mg/kg bodyweight in Dirty Dieting #0, assuming that the person is under 15% BF. He subsequently told me that he was really suffering on 6-8 mg/kg, and that is excessive in his opinion. Note that the calculation is bodyweight, not lean body mass. With the exception of obese persons, this method is sufficiently accurate.

C) Obtain a reliable scale, a Cap M. Quik device, and some size "O" caps ($60-$200 minimum, approximately $10, and $2 respectively). Corn starch, available at the grocery, is also needed. Since DNP ships at about either 15% or 35% water by weight, it is necessary to dry out the material overnight before attempting to deal with it. No matter how dry it looks, this step is absolutely necessary for accurate dosing.

D)The next day, mix 15 grams DNP with 10 grams corn starch, and pound it into a fine powder. Spread resulting mixture into the Cap M. Quik, finish the capping process, and you have 50 caps of 300mg potency. Repeat as above with 10 g DNP and 15 g corn starch in order to make 50 caps of 200mg each, or with 12.5g DNP and 12.5g corn starch to make the same number of 250mg caps.

DNP - 2,4-Dinitrophenol Continued...

Bear in mind that the preparation process, in the absence of a laboratory equipped with a chemical hood, will destroy the immediate area. It gets in the air, and fine particles will stain everything. Wear clothes that are dispensable, at least 2 pairs of gloves, and a fume mask. Preferably, do this outside on an extremely calm day, or alternatively, place protective covering everything in sight if it is necessary to perform the encapsulation indoors.

Timetable of Effects and Symptoms
The following table describes the condition most users will find themselves in during a typical DNP cycle; it is by no means complete and mainly intended to drive home that users typically look at their best 3-5 days following cessation of DNP use.

Day - Effects

1
None; possibly elevated carbohydrate cravings and/or temperature elevation.
2
T4-T3 conversion has begun to decrease; lethargy possible. Temperature should be elevated, and radiation of heat is noticeable.
3-5
Body temperature is elevated, with all the effects that one expects from DNP use. In addition, water retention usually becomes manifest here.
6-8
Definite water retention, along with other symptoms of use; user most likely feels fatter due to having "flatter" muscles (mainly the result of glycogen depletion) and holding water. Final DNP dose taken in the evening of Day 8.
9-10
DNP is clearing the system slowly. All symptoms are still present.
11-12
Water should be gone by now, or getting there. Mild diuretics will expedite this. The user will probably notice perceived greater cardiovascular and muscular endurance.
13-14
This is when someone tends to look their best. Their glycogen stores are usually compensated at this point and the retained water should be gone.

Dosing Schedule
As touched on previously, getting the right dosage of DNP is rather easy to do although the importance of proper dosage cannot be overstated. It is far better for one to err on the side of too little rather than too much, certainly in the case of the novice who does not know if they are allergic to the substance. As stated before, the commonly used dosage by bodybuilders and other reasonably lean persons is 3-5mg/kg of bodyweight. This would mean that a 100-kilogram bodybuilder would use anywhere from 300-500mg per day. Experienced users commonly are found using up to 800mg/day relatively safely, and beginners sometimes find that they enjoy 3-5 pounds of fat loss per week with as little as 200mg/day. Dosing is highly individualized and most generalizations tend to collapse quite quickly; as a result, none will be attempted. Start on the low end of the scale and see how you react. It is not recommended to take more than 300mg at any one time; a larger man taking 600mg per day should divide the dose into a 5:00PM portion and another portion taken approximately 30 minutes before bedtime. Someone taking 300mg/day could easily take one dose in the evening. The typical cycling program is to do 7 or 8 days on, followed by 7 or 8 off; this should not decrease thyroid output dramatically and makes use of T3 (triiodothyronine, brand name Cytomel) unnecessary in most cases. T4-T3 conversion does decrease dramatically in the liver due to excessive heat; this begins within 24 hours of the first dose. However, there is usually adequate active thyroid hormone to make it through 8 days of using it while maintaining elevated body temperature. After approximately 3-5 days, the user may find themselves with a waking temperature that is no longer elevated, even though they are still using DNP. This is due to the decrease in T3 and may signal the necessity of either the use of exogenous T3 in subsequent cycles or shorter cycles of the drug. In addition, the schedule given works nicely because the user is able to enjoy the anabolic rebound effect on a relatively regular basis. Also, longer cycles might leave the muscle fibers in a state of relative dehydration and "starved" of ATP for too long; both of these readily contribute to catabolism.

Supplementation
While using DNP, supplements can greatly aid both in the effectiveness of the therapy and the comfort of the user. Of particular importance are antioxidants and the following quantities are recommended:

Magnesium (1500mg)*
Vitamin C (3000mg in divided doses)*
Vitamin E (1200 IU in divided doses)*
Glutathione (200mg in divided doses)***)
NAC (various amounts)**
T3 (dose according to personal preference)**
Calcium (2000mg not taken with the Magnesium)
5-HTP (if not on antidepressant medication) (various amounts)****
Meridia, Redux, or Fenfluramine (various amounts)****
Hydroxycitric Acid (particularly in the evenings to curb cravings)****
Pyruvate (2-6g/day in divided doses)
Glycerol (3 tbsp/day in divided doses)
Alpha-Lipoic Acid (500-1000mg daily in divided doses)

Key:

* = Integral component of DNP program
** = Of questionable (although possible) importance)
*** = Of particular importance to women for prevention of cataracts
**** = For the purpose of appetite suppression (may not be needed)

Practical Considerations
Given all of this information, there are nonetheless more things to know before you undertake your first DNP cycle. The following tips and tricks gathered from personal experience and consultations with users are presented for your aid:

Aim a fan at your head at night. Your head is the most precious thing on your body and is a prime site for heat loss. Any air flowing over it will aid in cooling via convection.

Wash your bedding daily. It is a good idea to have some spare pillowcases on hand, if nothing else. Most likely, you will be sweating profusely while you sleep, and this will make your bed smell as enticing as a locker room. Cleanliness is also essential in the prevention of disease, not to mention the fact that you are breathing out DNP "fumes" all night and they collect on your bedding.

Prevention of disease goes beyond washing your clothes, and includes all of the normal precautions that you would make to avoid infection, although in a more exaggerated way. DNP depletes your body of energy needed to battle pathogens and weakens your immune system, leaving you ripe for infection and incapable of fighting off most diseases once they have taken hold.
This is rather intuitive, but be certain to wear loose, light clothing, preferably of a light color.

Proper hydration is necessary – I have personally consumed up to 8 liters of water per day. Glycerol specifically aids in muscle hydration, so its use may be very important, particularly when considering that muscle cells in even a semi-dehydrated state are prime sites for catabolism.

Cardiovascular work while on DNP – This is a strange issue that I have been asked about regularly, but am undecided in the direction to take and generally recommend that the user decide for themselves. My personal preference is to do cardio with a fan focused on me for 30-35 minutes at a relatively high intensity. This is an area for personal preference; barring other considerations, just see if you can handle it or not and go from there. Always be ready to stop if you feel yourself getting extremely overheated or weak.

Diet - One may wonder why this issue receives such limited attention; after all, most methods of fat loss require a restrictive diet of some nature. However, there is no set diet that one must use to achieve good results with dinitrophenol, only certain factors that allow the user to decide intelligently how to eat:

Insulin - DNP blunts the effects of insulin; this is a huge boon for dieters because insulin blocks lipolysis and causes the storage of adipose tissue. This means that carbohydrate intake does not need to be strictly limited, although it should stay reasonable for optimal results.
Body Temperature and Comfort - A general guideline is that the more carbohydrates eaten, the hotter the user will get while on DNP. Similarly, overfeeding also produces extreme heat; any excess calories are thrown off as heat quite readily. For this reason, along with certain hormonal factors, Duchaine espouses an Isometric diet while on DNP, and I have followed this personally with good results.
CKD's - These are extremely impractical while on a cyclical ketogenic diet (CKD), and are especially dangerous. This brings up blood glucose considerations; it is important to try to maintain relatively stable, or at least not severely depressed, blood glucose levels. If this guideline is not followed, the user may experience blurred vision and/or extreme fatigue possibly augmented by fainting or lightheadedness.

Anabolic rebound effect – I still remember the first time I spoke to Dan Duchaine regarding DNP, and he told me about what, at the time, seemed impossible. But I have experienced this phenomenon, and it indeed happens. Possible causes include, but are not limited to, either an anabolic effect from glycogen supercompensation-induced cellular expansion, or due to increased mitochondrial density. Increased mitochondrial density is an adaptive mechanism of the body and takes place surprisingly quickly in the presence of an uncoupler such as DNP (or anything else that inhibits oxidative phosphorylation). Whatever the mechanism of the anabolic rebound effect may be, the user can expect to gain about 5-7 pounds of intramuscular water or muscle and lose about the same amount of subcutaneous and intraperitoneal water within a week after their last DNP dose. This is probably the most pleasant aspect of using DNP; the user not only experiences unrivaled fat loss, but also enjoys a fair amount of hypertrophy without any other supplements or drugs. Muscle retention, and possibly gain, is improved with careful attention to several previously discussed considerations such as proper hydration and intelligent cycling.

CLENBUTEROL

• is attractive for it's pronounced thermogenic effects as well as mild anabolic properties.

A number of medical reviews have cited its outstanding potential to promote muscle gains as well as fat loss and weight loss. There have been an increasing number of American bodybuilders that are experimenting with this drug.

Many athletes who use Clenbuterol claim that it promotes dramatic strength increases and a very noticeable reduction in body fat and weight loss.
Some athletes claim that they enjoyed significant gains in muscle mass while using clenbuterol. Clenbuterol's most valid application seems to be as a pre-contest, cutting drug. It is not banned by any athletic committee; thus, numerous professional bodybuilders have used it for the last month of contest preparation. Cycles range from 6-12 weeks in length. Side effects include nervousness, tremors of the hands, headaches, and insomnia. The reason although it is fairly anabolic, and it promotes the burning of fatty acids through brown fat burning.

Dosages are normally between 20-120 mcg for bodybuilders that use this.This drug becomes ineffective for its anabolic properties after 18 successive days of use. Brown fat-burning and Weight Loss, will continue past the 18 day period. After 12 weeks, the drug should be discontinued for a couple of months. lthough there is quite a bit of medical literature showing clenbuterol's potential as a bodybuilding drug, most of these studies have been done on animals; very little human data on this issue is available. Therefore, in assessing its effects in humans, you have to rely primarily on empirical and anecdotal evidence. And until recently, there has been little of that available. However, with the recent wide scale use of clenbuterol by athletes, we can now gather quite a bit of evidence on what the real world effects of clenbuterol are in weight trainers.

To say that clenbuterol use is rampant in bodybuilding right now would be an understatement. Thousands and thousands of athletes are using this drug. I personally know a number of pro football players, foreign Olympic athletes, and professional bodybuilders who are using clenbuterol. In addition, I have received feedback from at least 200 other athletes who have experimented with this novel compound. Generally, the feedback from clenbuterol users is that the drug produces dramatic body composition alterations. One Canadian strength coach compared the results he has seen in athletes using clenbuterol to what one might experience while using a stack of Anavar and Halotestin. Within weeks of beginning clenbuterol therapy, many athletes notice a significant strength increase and a dramatic reduction in body fat. The results that occur secondary to clenbuterol administration seem to occur equally in men and women as well as young and old.

The trick to using clenbuterol successfully seems to be avoidin receptor downgrade which occurs rapidly with the use of this beta agonist. In fact, one clinical study s owe at receptor downgrade as much as 50% is experienced after using clenbuterol for as little as 18 days consecutively. This same study showed that attenuation can be avoided if clenbuterol is taken in a 2 day on 2 day off pattern. Athletes using clenbuterol in this manner have reported much greater results than those who use the product continualy which seems to support the theory that attenuation can be at least partially avoided by staggering the dosage. Athletes have also made a habit of cycling clenbuterol in an effort to minimize side effects as well as prevent receptor downgrade. Average cycle length on clenbuterol is 8-10 weeks with a 4-6 week off period.

Doses: 3-7 tablets a day (20mcg)
Side effects: None or minimum
Strength & Mass gains: None
Cutting: Great! + Excellent fat burner

Ketotifen

I see a lot of newbie people trying to find good info on this so I thought it would be best to put it all in one place. I patched this from a wide range of sources as well as my own experience (also thanks to FONZ). This truly is a wonderdrug for BB.

What Is It?
Ketotifen is very safe antihistamine used extensively in Europe to treat bronchial asthma and allergies. It is also being studied as a treatment for colitis. When used for asthma, weight gain and an increase in appetite are among the most frequent side effects. Ketotifen also protects the cells in the stomach, small intestine and perhaps the rest of the gut from a number of toxins. A number of case studies suggest that it may be helpful treating skin problems such as acne. Ketotifen also reduces edema (swelling and puffiness caused by water retention) around sores.

Ketotifen Studies
German researchers have published data showing that ketotifen lowers tnf-alpha in the test tube. One study used ketotifen in combination with oxymethadone, a steroid like Megace that helps people gain weight, so it is hard to gauge what effect ketotifen had (the study notes a 14% reduction in TNF-alpha levels and weight gains of 11-12 pounds in less than four weeks). A larger placebo controlled study of this combination is underway. The other study used ketotifen by itself in eight patients with elevated TNF-alpha, (but no wasting). Taking ketotifen for 12 weeks, these patients gained an average of six pounds, had increases in their body cell mass and reductions in their TNF-alpha levels.

Side Effects and Toxicity
Ketotifen is virtually non-toxic (although it is not advised for patients with epilepsy). People who took twenty times the recommended dose (in suicide attempts) suffered no serious consequences (other than embarrassment). Its primary side effects seem to be temporary drowsiness, dry mouth,(and other mucuos membranes) appetite stimulation and weight gain.

Dosing and side effects
No studies have been done to find the most effective dose but the German researchers used 4 mg ED. Dan Duchaine (who discovered ketos use for BB) suggested 10mg ED but in my experience this much is not needed and makes u far too sleepy. I find that 3-4mg ED seems ideal. However, much higher doses have been shown to be quite safe with no adverse affects other than increased drowsiness and appetite – it will make u hungry for solid foods. You can take it divided in the day or all at once.

Ketotifen and Clen
Clenbuterol is a beta 2 agonist which has a limited anabolic effect during its first few days of use and afterward is normally used to fight fat. At higher doses, however, it can be catabolic to muscle and it must be cycled on a 2 week on, 2 week of basis or the beta 2 receptors that clen binds to become saturated and down regulate.

Ketotifen’s magic is that it upregulates the beta-receptors including the beta 2s that clen uses. As long as you are taking ketotifen, it will continue to clean these receptors, never allowing them to downregulate – even while on a heavy clen cycle. That means you can continue to take clen indefinitely without having to cycle off to regenerate the receptors. 2-3mg ED can upregulate even severely shut down receptors within a week.

It also means that you don’t need as much clen to get the same benefits. It seems u can take about 30-40% less clen and it be equally effective. FONZ posted that it also increases the number of receptor sites on the surface of the cell, allowing more clen to attach and perhaps this is the reason for the increased efficacy. Ketotifen also seems to lessen the sides of clen including the jitters.

Ketotifen and ECA
Perhaps an even better use for ketotifen is taking it with the ECA stack. While the thermogenic effect of ephedrine is not as potent as clen because it doesn't have a high receptor affinity, and it is not limited to beta-2 receptors. In fact it seems to have a good effect on beta 3 receptors as well, which act as a type of thermogenic messenger and over half of ephedrine effect is from beta-3 stimulation. Clen has almost no effect on beta 3 however. So by keeping the beta 2 receptors up, ketotifen can allow the benefits of continuous beta 2 and beta 3 stimulation from ephedrine.